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The Bilderberg Group - The Invisible Power House -
David Rockefeller
Henry Kissinger
Peter Carrington
James Wolfensohn
With its membership selected from the power élite of Europe and North America, many wonder if the Bilderbergers are conspiring to establish a 'new world order'.
6/01/2010: NWO Busted: Man who exposed Bilderberg reveals conspiracy secrets to EU
The conspiracy theory writers have repeatedly linked one powerful global elite, the Bilderberg Group, with the ultimate take-over of the world. Members of the Bilderberg together with their 'sister' organisations-the Trilateral Commission (known also as the "Child of Bilderberg")(1) and the Council on Foreign Relations(2)-are charged with the post-war take-over of the democratic process. The measures implemented by this group so far prove the control of the world economy through indirect political means.
The constitution of several democratic monarchies of the Western Europe bans members of their royal families from playing an active role in the political process. However, the Bilderberg meetings provide this exact forum and platform for them.
"This unprecedented period of European cooperation is more than a product of simple nation-state diplomacy. One of the key institutions that has fostered unity and cooperation with the Atlantic Community beyond the old concepts has been the Bilderberg Group."(3) "I tell you frankly that I am deeply alarmed today over the possibility that a right-wing reaction may draw some sections of capital so far away from our traditions as to imperil the entire structure of American life as we know it."(4)
These comments by Pasymowski and Gilbert(3) two decades ago may seem out of phase with the current events in former Yugoslavia, but, in terms of the continued stability of the "European State", they have proven to be largely accurate. Warfare has been removed from the intra-European systems as a means of controlling and directing nationalistic goals and ideas. Even in the case of former Yugoslavia, one observes that the current state of war has resulted from Tito's and the Soviet Union's demise. Consequently, the lid has been lifted on rivals and racial memories which had been artificially kept in place for previous decades. The several proto-states which make up the former Yugoslavia were not part of the economic and social development programs which evolved in Western Europe. As we would see, the way in which the rest of Europe evolved and developed was very different, and for very particular reasons.
Whether co-incidence or not, it is equally ironic that the current Chairman of the Bilderberg, Lord Carrington, was the first UN-appointed representative to bring peace to the war-torn Yugoslavia.
ORIGINS The single most important personality connected with the birth and creation of the Bilderberg Group is Joseph H. Retinger (also known as L'Eminence-His Grey Eminence). Retinger had a colourful, lifelong career that raised him to the top of the world power élites. At his funeral in 1960, Sir Edward Bedington-Behrens said:
"I remember Retinger in the United States picking up the telephone and immediately making an appointment with the President, and in Europe he had complete entrée in every political circle as a kind of right acquired through trust, devotion and loyalty he inspired."
Retinger, as a Catholic, was viewed by many as an agent of the Vatican, acting in liaison between the Pope and the Father-General of the Jesuit order.
One of Retinger's renowned achievements in European politics was the founding of the European Movement, leading to the establishment of the Council of Europe on 5th May 1949. With its headquarters in Strasbourg, the Council Executive Committee provided Retinger his first major platform for his expansive ideology. From his earlier days at the Sorbonne, Retinger believed in greater European unity, both in military and economic terms. It was also at the same time when his interest in the guidance of the Jesuit order manifested itself. He spent a great deal of his time fulfilling these ambitions. He suggested to Premier Georges Clemenceau a plan to unite Eastern Europe-involving the merging of Austria, Hungary and Poland as a tripartite monarchy under the guidance of the Jesuit order. Clemenceau, doubtful of the Vatican-inspired plan, rejected Retinger's proposal outright. This plan labelled Retinger, thereafter, as a Vatican agent.
Retinger's activities were not limited to uniting Europe. Through his several trips to Mexico he played a key role in the creation of a trade union movement in the 1920s. Due to his unprecedented success, and by gaining the Mexican Government's trust, Retinger convinced them to nationalise the US oil interest in Mexico. In the process, Retinger conducted the secret negotiations with Washington for the Mexican Government.
Retinger also had an active war career. He was the political aide to General Sikorski, and served for the London-based Polish Government-in-exile. In addition, at the age of 58, he parachuted into German-occupied territory outside Warsaw for some sabotage missions.
Due to his high-profile career, in the 1950s he was able to create contacts with numerous high-ranking military officials and political leaders. His main aim was to unite the world in peace. His peace dividend was to be under the control of supernational, powerful organisations. He believed that such organisations would be immune from short-term ideological conflicts erupting between governments. To Retinger, it was insignificant what dominated the economic ideology of a country. He believed these differences could be brought into line by powerful multinational organisations dictating and applying powerful economic and military policies, thereby creating a union and a bond between the nations.
Retinger's personal 'left-wing' views from his heady days convinced him that many leaders of newly born socialist and communist nations would be prepared to talk to him. Additionally, his Church background gave him an arena for dialogue with people from the middle-ground connections in international relations.
Nevertheless, Retinger knew that control of the world affairs cannot be achieved without US participation. In pursuit of this ideology, he began a campaign for the creation of an Atlantic Community. This would make the development of Europe an important political aim for the American politicians, thereby preventing their retreat into political isolation.
Retinger, with this in mind, set out his carefully calculated move by involving one of his close and powerful friends, Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands. Prince Bernhard, at the time, was an important figure in the oil industry and held a major position in Royal Dutch Petroleum (Shell Oil), as well as Société Générale de Belgique-a powerful global corporation.
In 1952 Retinger approached Bernhard with a proposal for a secret conference to involve the NATO leaders in an open and frank discussion on international affairs behind closed doors. The meeting would allow each participant to speak his mind freely because no media representative would be permitted inside; nor would there be any news bulletin about the meeting or the topics discussed. Furthermore, if any leaks occurred, the journalists would be discouraged from writing about it.
Prince Bernhard fully supported Retinger's proposal for an international meeting. Consequently, they formed a committee to organise a plan. In 1952, Bernhard approached the Truman administration and briefed them about the meeting. Despite a positive reception, it was not until the Eisenhower administration when the first American counterpart group was formed. The two key role-players in the US group were General Walter Bedell Smith (Director of the CIA) and C. D. Jackson. Both (European-American) groups working interactively set out to fulfil Retinger's initial plan. From the outset, the American group was heavily influenced by the Rockefeller family, the owners of Standard Oil-competitors of Bernhard's Royal Dutch Petroleum. From then on, the Bilderberg business reflected the concerns of the oil industry in its meetings.
According to Bilderberg's draft document of 1989:
"Bilderberg takes its name from the Bilderberg Hotel in Oosterbeek, Holland, where the first meeting took place in May 1954. That pioneering meeting grew out of the concern expressed by many leading citizens on both sides of the Atlantic that Western Europe and North America were not working together as closely as they should on matters of critical importance. It was felt that regular, off-the-record discussions would help create a better understanding of the complex forces and major trends affecting Western nations in the difficult post-war period."(5)
Retinger's main aim in creating Bilderberg had other more important, inherent aspects than an informal gathering of a group of the world's élite. It has been suggested that Bilderberg meetings ultimately would have implemented group dynamics techniques in the shape of a low- key international thinking group with the purpose of sensitising the less enlightened of its membership towards the new transitional diplomacy of the Cold War.
The first meeting witnessed the gathering of ideologies, poles apart. The issue of McCarthyism was reaching its peak in the United States. European participants, exasperated with the McCarthy propaganda, saw in their American counterparts a clear political shift towards an ultra-right-wing fascist state. Memories of World War II still fresh in their minds, the Europeans found the concept rather repulsive.
C. D. Jackson (a member of the CFR), in an attempt to regain the international delegates' confidence, stated:
"Whether McCarthy dies by an assassin's bullet or is eliminated in the normal American way of getting rid of boils on body politics, I prophesy that by the time we hold our next meeting he will be gone from the American scene."(6)
Nevertheless, McCarthyism proved to be a source of embarrassment for the US delegate.
OTHER GROUPS The concept of Bilderberg was not new. Although similar groups were already in existence at the time, none attracted and provoked global myths the way Bilderberg has.
Groups such as Bohemian Grove, established in 1872 by San Franciscans, played an equally significant role in shaping post-war politics in the US. "It was at the Grove, it is said, that the Manhattan Project was set up and that Eisenhower was selected as the Republicans' candidate for 1952."(7)
The Ditchley Park Foundation was established in 1953 in Britain with the same aim.(8)
Two years earlier, in 1952, Britain's Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery had suggested the idea of a NATO command-post exercise (a paper drill; no movement of forces) to train army divisional commanders. General Eisenhower, who was then NATO's European Commander, accepted it. As a result, the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers in Europe Exercise-SHAPEX-was created. Ever since, an annual meeting has been held in SHAPE headquarters near Mons, Belgium, and the subject has been broadened to incorporate a wide array of topics.
The historical review of these groups reflects a sudden flourishing trend, and the realisation by the world's leaders of the need for creation of, at times, such overt concepts. The idea of establishing such élite groups did not die with the birth of Bilderberg.
In 1957, the first of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs took place.9 Pandit Nehru offered to host the first meeting. The founder members were personalities such as Bertrand Russell and Albert Einstein. Scientists from the United States and Soviet Union were regular participants in this East-West gathering of élites. Britain is known for its active participation and role in this group. "The best feature of Pugwash is that it brings together people from East, West and non-aligned countries."(9)
Pugwash proved particularly valuable at the time when the relation between East and West was at a stalemate. Many significant topics were discussed in this forum. Ways of monitoring arms control agreements, nuclear disarmament, and reduction of East-West tensions were always on the top of the agenda. In the 1970s Pugwash embraced a range of issues including biological, chemical and conventional arms control, environment and development problems as well as conflicts around the world.
One of the latest groups is the Williamsburg, better known as the Asian Window. Its first meeting was financed by the late John D. Rockefeller in 1971, and continues to date. It brings together the Asian leaders and the Americans. Williamsburg has been particularly effective for discussing Vietnam, or the Indonesian corruption, or supposedly non-existent Japanese exchange controls. Different experiences of trade with China and Russia, or how Singapore has a lower infant mortality than America, have been some of the topics in the Williamsburg forum.
Nonetheless, none of these groups-including the Council on Foreign Relations and the Trilaterals-commands the influence the Bilderberg has obtained in shaping and dictating global policies.
CHAIRMAN "The first [Bilderberg] meeting was convened under the chairmanship of H. R. H. Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, who served as chairman for twenty-two years. He was succeeded by Lord Home of the Hirsel, former Prime Minister for the United Kingdom, who chaired the meetings for four years. At the 1980 meeting, Lord Home turned over the chairmanship to Walter Scheel, former President of the Federal Republic of Germany. In 1985, Mr Scheel resigned, and was succeeded by Lord Roll of Ipsden, President of S. G. Warburg Group plc. At 1989 meeting, Lord Roll turned over the chairmanship to Lord Carrington,"(10) who still chairs the meetings.
CHARACTER OF BILDERBERG MEETINGS "What is unique about Bilderberg as a forum is (1) the broad cross-section of leading citizens, in and out of government, that are assembled for nearly three days of informal discussion about topics of current concern especially in the fields of foreign affairs and the international economy; (2) the strong feeling among participants that, in view of the differing attitudes and experiences of the Western nations, there is a clear need to develop an understanding in which these concerns can be accommodated; and (3) the privacy of these meetings, which has no purpose other than to allow leading citizens to speak their minds openly and freely.
"In short, Bilderberg is a recognised, flexible and informal international leadership forum in which different viewpoints can be expressed and mutual understanding enhanced."(11)
In further recognition of this aspect, Paddy Ashdown, the Leader of the Liberal Party and a participant in the 1989 Bilderberg meeting, wrote to me:
"In view of the recent events right across Europe, this has turned out to have been an exceptionally useful opportunity to meet and discuss with many of the most expert people in the world on international relations. I found it a very stimulating and informative gathering."(12)
But others, such as Prince Charles, Lord Callaghan and Sir Edward Heath, were rather shy in their responses.(13)
PARTICIPANTS There are usually 115 participants in each annual meeting. Eighty are from Western Europe and the remainder from North America. From this mixture, one-third are from government and politics, and the remaining two-thirds from industry, finance, education and communications. All the participants claim to attend the meeting in their private capacity and not as officials-though this claim, in the wake of the outcome of subsequent meetings, has proven to be highly questionable.
Participants are invited to the Bilderberg meeting by the Chairman, following his consultations and recommendations by the Steering Committee membership, the Advisory Group and the Honorary Secretaries-General. This approach ensures a full, informed and balanced discussion of the agenda items. The individuals are chosen based on their knowledge, standing and experience. The previous participants maintain that, at the meetings, no resolutions are proposed, no votes are taken and no policy statements are made.
FUNDING The costs of the annual meetings are usually the responsibility of the Steering Committee members of the host country. But, the expenses of maintaining the Bilderberg meetings are covered entirely by private subscriptions. Although the meeting reports are published, nevertheless they are strictly for the participating members only. No reports are made available to the media.
[only one available - all were missing from my source, and one of the co-authors of the following provided this one himself -Ed.]
(3) "Bilderberg: The Cold War Internationale" by Eugene Pasymowski and Carl Gilbert, Congressional Record - Extension of Remarks in the US House of Representatives, September 15, 1971 Pages E9616 to E-9624
from The Nationalist Times, 1998-Oct, by Uri Dowbenko:
The Bilderberger Candidate
Where do candidates come from? Do they emerge out of nowhere? Do they just erupt on the national scene? Or, are they quietly chosen by covert power brokers to move the planet closer to a New World Order, a One World Government, a global dictatorship with high-tech feudalism as its goal?
Take for example Jimmy Carter. He was an obscure peanut farmer, the almost unknown governor of Georgia. Then -- as if by magic -- a media blitz blew him onto the covers of national magazines and established him as a front-runner in the 1976 election.
Likewise, Bill Clinton was an unknown governor of the state of Arkansas -- a defacto Rockefeller fiefdom, notorious for generational corruption that surpassed even the legendary graft of New York's Tammany Hall and the Democratic machine of the Daleys' Chicago.
After Clinton was invited to a 1991 meeting of the Bilderberg Group in Baden-Baden, Germany, he became a front-running candidate for President in 1992. Then, despite --- or maybe because of -- his well-known sexual/drug addictions and compromised background, Clinton was selected as the Group's choice for U.S. President.
Since its inception in 1954, the supra-national and highly secretive Bilderberg Group has played an active role in coordinating economic and political policies on a global level. An international cabal of corporate honchos and government officials, the Bilderbergers are simply the overlords of the Global Ruling Class.
According to Peter Thompson's essay "Bilderberg and the West" from the book "Trilateralism" (edited by Holly Sklar, South End Press, Boston), "Bilderberg is neither a world super-government nor is it merely a club where incidental shoptalk takes place. Top executives from the world's leading multinational corporations meet with top national political figures at Bilderberg meetings to consider jointly the immediate and long-term policies facing the West. . . "
"Bilderberg is not the only means of Western collective management of the world order, it is part of an increasingly dense system of transnational management. . ." writes Thompson. "Where necessary, a consensus is engineered on issues which must get congressional/parliamentary approval, but wherever possible executive agreements between governments are used to avoid the democratic process altogether."
Thompson writes that "bodies like the U.S. Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), the British Royal Institute for International Affairs, commonly known as 'Chatham House, and transnational counterparts like Bilderberg and the Trilateral Commission play a crucial role in formulating policy directions, molding establishment consensus and even testing for likely opposition."
At a GOP fundraiser in Paradise Valley, Montana, New Jersey Governor Christine Todd Whitman denied that she was tapped by the Bilderberg Group to run for U.S. President in 2000. "I was just learning," asserted Whitman, one of a literal handful of women invited to attend the secretive May 14-17, 1998 meeting in Turnberry Hotel, Ayrshire, Scotland.
At a picturesque ranch house about 40 miles north of Yellowstone National Park --- where Dennis Quaid filmed his TNT movie "Everything That Rises" --- Whitman was the guest of honor, introduced by Montana Gov. Mark Racicot at a fundraiser for Montana Rep. Rick Hill. Whitman's speech included the cryptic comment that "in the year 2000, the country's going to get the kind of president it deserves."
Afterwards, in remarks to the press, Whitman alluded to the conspiratorial reputation of the Bilderberger Group, saying "it's not a cabal."
Notwithstanding her remarks, 1998 Bilderberg Group attendees included the usual Globalist Good Ole Boys, regulars like David Rockefeller, Chairman of Chase Manhattan Bank; and Henry Kissinger, former U.S. Secretary of State and current Chairman of Kissinger Associates, Inc., a schmooze-for-hire firm that sells high-level introductions to world-class tyrants, arms dealers and their ilk.
Women attendees at Turnberry were few. Only Her Majesty Queen of the Netherlands; CFR member Jessica Tuchman Matthews, President of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; Margaret MacMillan, Editor of International Journal; Marie-Josee Kravis, senior fellow at the Hudson Institute; and several European Community bureaucrats shared this "honor" with the New Jersey Governor.
Whitman herself acknowledged the fact that the obsessive secrecy has roiled many within the Group. She hinted that there was internal dissent regarding the bizarre and restrictive protocols, but defended the exclusion of the media, saying that people can speak privately and acknowledge their mistakes without being held to task by their constitutents.
Her congenial husband, Bill Whitman, who facetiously referred to himself as "the first lady of New Jersey in drag," added that when he flew in from London, he stayed in a motel down the road; he wasn't even allowed to sleep at the Turnberry Resort with his wife, the Governor.
Playing a round of golf at the exclusive resort the next day, Bill Whitman remarked in amusement that "people would be popping up from behind the shrubbery taking pictures." The Bilderbergers' tradition of secrecy has evidently created its own mystique and celebrity status.
It's not hard to see why the Group, command-and-control globalists, tapped Gov. Whitman. She's photogenic; she's attractive; and her politics reflect the Group's agenda --- people control under the guise of "environmentalism" and "free trade."
In Montana, dressed in an ivory blouse, dark slacks and cowboy boots, Whitman, with her blonde Princess Di hairstyle, appeared casually elegant even in a country setting. She spoke passionately of her "goal of preserving one million acres in New Jersey that's undeveloped but not preserved" as a "protective" measure, a faux-environmentalist stance that will undoubtedly win her many supporters.
Likewise her veto of a New Jersey bill that would have banned so-called partial birth abortions earned her the animosity of the religious right. Her answer to continuing criticism? "I'm not pro-abortion," said Whitman. "I'm pro-choice." This kind of sophistry is also highly respected by the political elites. [That is not sophistry, that is a legitimate and meaningful statement. -Ed.]
Repeating the mantra that "we are in a global economy," she inferred agreement with the Group's agenda --- linking countries through entangling economic treaties like GATT and NAFTA, as well as financial strangleholds through the International Monetary Fund and other multinational corporate loans with the usual draconian conditions.
After the scandalous record of the disgraced Clinton administration, Gov. Whitman as a "pragmatic" pro-choice Republican woman would appear to be the Group's obvious choice for President.
Since its founding, the Bilderberg Group has functioned as a defacto private Global Politburo with 120 attendees at recent yearly meetings. Historically, the Group's power is awesome. Bill Clinton, an obscure Arkansas governor, was tapped to run for president. Likewise, Margaret Thatcher as well as Tony Blair were tapped by the Bilderbergers to assume the reins of government in the United Kingdom. Congressman Gerald Ford --- later U.S. president --- also attended Group meetings in 1964 and 1966.
After Gov. Whitman's attendance at Turnberry, it's highly probable that she will either be a Republican vice presidential candidate with George W. Bush in 2000 or a presidential candidate herself in 2004.
In fact, the propaganda machine has already started. Bilderberger Bill Kristol, publisher of The Weekly Standard, has had his editor Fred Barnes write a glowing report of Bush Jr. as "The Heavyweight." This puff piece on behalf of the Texas governor attempts to establish him as a primary contender for president in the next election.
Objections to Bilderberg range from all sides of the political spectrum. A private, secret --- and by all accounts conspiratorial --- consensus on matters of public importance is considered at least in bad taste if not poor judgment by all serious advocates of representative government. In fact, the diffidence and arrogance of the Global Ruling Class --- the elites and their technocrats, the New World Orderlies --- seems outrageously antiquated in the face of continuing global problems. These interlocking supra-national elites --- members of the Bilderberg Group, Council on Foreign Relations, Trilateral Commission, Royal Institute of International Affairs, as well as the foundations and think tanks of the Global Plutocrats --- would do well to reconsider their activities.
If global techno-feudalism, as posited by George Orwell's blueprint for world tyranny, "1984," and H. G. Wells' "The Open Conspiracy" is the Group's objective, then sovereign individuals of every nation will rise up with unprecedented fervor. An historical precedent, of course, is the collapse of the Tower of Babel, a case of seeming divine intervention which shattered the globalists' plan for their precious One World Government.
Those who pride themselves as the descendants of Nimrod had better think twice. There will be no cushions for them when they fall the next time around.
Gov. Whitman's choice is after all the Hobbes' choice. She is merely a pawn in the game, another contingency in the Group's global ledger of assets and liabilities. And the Group --- covert global king-makers and king-breakers --- is known to hedge its bets. Walter Mondale and Dianne Feinstein were Bilderbergers once too, but their political stars rose only so high.
The significance of her choice? As the Group has chosen Gov. Whitman, so she can still choose to opt out.
Copyright 1998. Uri Dowbenko, CEO of New Improved Entertainment Corp., can be reached by e-mail at u.dowbenko@mailcity.com.
The Bilderberg, the highest echelon of the global financial and political elite, recently met at the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce Leadership Center (nicknamed the "Bohemian Grove of Canada" ) on the outskirts of King City, a suburb of Toronto.
At the meeting, which lasted from May 30 to June 2, the Bilderberg discussed global control of the air, water and public health, as well as the possible multi-billion dollar sale of the Canadian government-owned electric utility Ontario Hydro, according to informed sources quoted by The Spotlight.
As usual, the mainstream media completely ignored the event. This was not surprising, since many media power brokers regularly attend the meetings, including representatives of the major TV networks and the New York Times.
However, this year one major Canadian newspaper shattered the wall of silence in a spectacular fashion. The Toronto Star, one of the few remaining independent newspapers in Canada, ran a front page story on May 30 under the headline "Black Plays Host to World Leaders."
John Deverell, a Toronto Star business reporter, broke the story, based on a detailed news release from the Toronto-based New World Order Intelligence Update. Among the more than 100 attendees from around the world, Deverell listed U.S. Defense Secretary William Perry, Prime Minister Jean Chretien, Henry Kissinger, the queens of Netherlands and Spain "as well as other business, political and academic elite."
"For 42 years," Deverell reported, "the secretive organization has devoted itself to strengthening the Atlantic military alliance and economies... The guest list and agenda for the four-day conference are secret."
According to media magnate and permanent Bilderberg member Conrad Black, the ban on reporters "makes discussion more intimate and candid. There are no massive indiscretions, but the exchanges can be quite heated." This is a polite way of saying that members can secretly speak their minds about whatever grandiose schemes of world conquest they envision themselves as having the divine right to execute, without fearing that their words will ever be heard by the public.
This tactic is very similar to the Non-Attribution Rule used at Council on Foreign Relations meetings, which prevents statements made by attendees from being reported in the media. Many media CEOs, news anchors and influential members of the press fill seats in the CFR.
The Bilderberg and the New World Order
As far as global politics and finance go, the Bilderberg is the top of the pyramid, the all-seeing eye gazing upon the construction of a New World Order . This one-world system of governance, lurking in the shadows cast by flowery language about our new "global village," will transfer nearly all economic and political power into the hands of a small group of the world elite.
According to Bilderberg's draft document of 1989, "Bilderberg takes its name from the Bilderberg Hotel in Oosterbeek, Holland, where the first meeting took place in May 1954. That pioneering meeting grew out of the concern expressed by many leading citizens on both sides of the Atlantic that Western Europe and North America were not working together as closely as they should on matters of critical importance. It was felt that regular, off-the-record discussions would help create a better understanding of the complex forces and major trends affecting Western nations in the difficult post-war period."
According to Conrad Black, the Bilderberg "was set up in the mid-fifties by Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands.... [Meetings] normally include senior officials of the governments of all the countries represented, with a wide swath of enlightened business, academic, media and military leaders...."
Prince Bernhard gave the go-ahead, but the idea for the Bilderberg belonged to Joseph H. Retinger, a man who could make an appointment with the President of the United States just by picking up the telephone. In 1952, Retinger proposed a secret conference to Prince Bernhard which would involve the NATO leaders in an open and frank discussion on international affairs behind closed doors.
The Prince thought it was a grand idea, and they formed a committee to plan the conference. Berhhard briefed the Truman administration about the meeting in 1952, and although the idea was warmly embraced in the U.S., the first American counterpart group was not formed until the Eisenhower administration.
CIA Director General Walter Bedell Smith and C.D. Jackson were key players in organizing the American counterpart group, heavily influenced by the Rockefeller dynasty, whose Standard Oil holdings competed with Bernhard's Royal Dutch Petroleum. Hence, the interests of the oil industry were well-represented at Bilderberg meetings.
At early meetings of the Bilderberg, attendees expressed frustration with American politics, then in the throes of McCarthyism, whose nationalist ideology stood in the way of global planning. C. D. Jackson tried to quell their fears by saying, "Whether McCarthy dies by an assassin's bullet or is eliminated in the normal American way of getting rid of boils on body politics, I prophesy that by the time we hold our next meeting he will be gone from the American scene."
Bilderberg meetings are held in remote places, and attendees are encouraged to leave spouses and aides at home, to not use prepared texts, and to conduct discussions in English as much as possible.
Director and advisory board members include Gianni Agnelli of Fiat, Dwayne Andreas (controlling shareholder of Archer-Daniels Midland), Zbigniew Brzezinski (former national security advisor in the Carter administration), Lord Carrington (former British foreign and defense secretary and secretary-general of NATO), Andrew Knight (editor of the Economist), Richard Perle (former U.S. assistant secretary of National Defense and one of the champions of the Strategic Defense Initiative and Euro-missile deployment), Paul Volker (former Federal Reserve chairman), and George Will (U.S. conservative columnist and commentator), to name just a few.
"Providentially, the world became more accessible for me as Canada became less commodious," Conrad Black said in his biography, "A Life in Progress". "It was from Bilderberg that our company's eventual vocation as an international newspaper organization arose."
Critics of the Bilderberg say that the secret group:
perceives itself as being supra-governmental;
manipulates global finances and establishes rigid and binding monetary rates around the world;
selects political figures whom the Bilderberg decrees should become rulers, and targets those whom it wants removed from power;
decides which countries shall wage war on others.
Sources:
Deverell, John. "Black Plays Host to World Leaders," Toronto Star , May 30 1996, page 1A.
"The Bilderberg Group: The Invisible Power House."Nexus Magazine , Volume 3, #1 (Dec '95-Jan '96).
Katson, Trisha."Bilderberg To Meet Secretly in Toronto,"The Spotlight, News Release.
(c) Copyright 1996 ParaScope, Inc.
here are Tony Gosling's Bilderberg pages, which include full attendance lists for Bilderberg '95-'98, current rosters of its advisory group, steering committee, national representatives, annual meeting locations since the group's inception in 1954, and many essays, newspaper articles, and press releases. Be forewarned that Tony Gosling is a left-liberal (socialist) environmental fundamentalist, though this detracts only occasionally from the value of the compilation he has put together.
Read The Case Against Henry Kissinger, by Christopher Hitchens - described by Henry Kissinger as ``untrue, reckless, and contemptible'', a ringing endorsement given the source!
from the New York Post, 2001-Jan-7, by RICHARD JOHNSON with PAULA FROELICH and CHRIS WILSON
DIANA DETRACTOR TACKLES HENRY K
JOURNALISTIC attack dog Christopher "Hellbound" Hitchens blasts Henry Kissinger as a "war criminal" in a scathing 26-page jeremiad in the February issue of Harper's magazine.
The diatribe is just the first installment of a planned two-part offensive in the monthly against the former secretary of state penned by the Vanity Fair columnist. Controversial Hitchens is known for his blistering harangues against the likes of Mother Teresa, whom he called a "ghoul" and a "lapdog to dictators," and Princess Diana, who the native Brit accused of using the poor and sick as "accessories." In the article, peppered with photos of Vietnamese victims of napalm and Agent Orange, Hitchens accuses Kissinger of "war crimes [and] crimes against common or customary or international law, including conspiracy to commit murder, kidnap and torture," and says he has shown "a callous indifference to human life and human rights."
Kissinger's office, after we e-mailed some of the harshest quotes from the article, called Hitchens' accusations "untrue, irresponsible and contemptible."
Writing about Kissinger's public image, Hitchens says: "Everybody ?knows,' after all, that Kissinger inflicted terror and misery and mass death on [Cambodia], and great injury to the U.S. Constitution at the same time.
"Yet the pudgy man standing in black tie at the Vogue party is not, surely, the man who ordered and sanctioned the destruction of civilian populations, the assassination of inconvenient politicians, the kidnapping and disappearance of soldiers and journalists and clerics who got in his way? Oh, but he is."
Enabling Kissinger's elevation from "a mediocre and opportunistic academic to an international potentate," Hitchens writes, was his "sycophancy and duplicity, [and] power-worship and absence of scruple." Its effects were "uncounted and expendable corpses, [and] the official and unofficial lying about the cost."
Kissinger's career, he says, "debauched the American republic and American democracy, and it leveled a hideous toll of casualties on weaker and more vulnerable societies."
As if that wasn't enough of a broadside, in Harper's March issue, Hitchens promises a lengthy exposé on Kissinger's "crimes" in Bangladesh, Cyprus and East Timor.
Henry Kissinger was the first-born son of German Jewish parents, Louis and Paula. The couple led their family to freedom in August 1938, less than three months before the Kristallnacht riots destroyed most of the Jewish institutions in Nazi Germany.
"My life in Fürch seems to have passed without leaving any lasting impressions," Kissinger told a German reporter more recently. That part of my childhood is not a key to anything." Minimizing the trauma he faced as a fifteen year old refugee, the statesman added, "I was not consciously unhappy. I was not acutely aware of what was going on. For children, these things are not that serious."
"Give me a break," I though on reading this, he's either got to be kidding or steeped in massive denial. I too, was a first-born son of a GermanJewish father and Austrian mother who were also fortunate to have survived the Holocaust. I could relate to Kissinger's plight better than most. Given this background, plus my postdoctoral degree in behavioral science, I understood well the role persecution can play in the development of personalities and personality disorders.
My mother, at age sixteen, was among the last group of Jews to leave Nazi Austria. Her immortal picture can be seen in the National Holocaust Museum, where she, among dozens, was photographed on her knees, scrubbing the streets of Vienna at Nazi gunpoint.
Though Kissinger may have been spared the worst, I found it incomprehensible that he could have left Nazi Germany, at that age and time, unfazed.
Denial and Paranoia
I was not alone in this view. Kissinger's childhood friends also felt his denial was a form of "self delusion". Isaacson wrote:
"Some of them see his escape from memory as a key to his legendary insecurities. The child who had to pretend to be someone else so that he could get into soccer games, they say, became an adult who was prone to deceit and self-deception in the pursuit of acceptance by political and social patrons..."
Despite Kissinger's denials, the Nazi atrocities "were able to damage his soul," said Fritz Kraemer, a German gentile who resisted Hitler and later became Kissinger's student in the U.S. Army. "For the formative years of his youth, he faced the horror of his world coming apart, of the father he loved being turned into a helpless mouse."
Kissinger's most obvious personality traits, Kraemer argued, could be traced to his Nazi experience. "It made him seek order and it made him hunger for acceptance, even if it meant trying to please those he considered his intellectual inferiors."
For Kissinger, the Nazi experience severed the connection between God's will and historic evolution - a basic principle of the Jewish faith and one of its most important contributions to Western philoso-phy. For faithful Jews, historic meaning is linked to divine justice. After witnessing Hitler's horror, Kissinger abandoned his religion and embarked on an intellectual journey to find an alternative way to interpret history.
Kissinger's traumatic childhood also instilled in him "a deep distrust of other people." He felt compelled to establish secret wiretaps on the phones of even his closest aides.
Another symptom of Kissinger's Holocaust rearing was his tendency to disguise, as an adult, any sign of personal weakness. This compulsion of his had been commonly observed; particularly in his approach to foreign policy negotiations. Kissinger's father, "whom he loved deeply, was graced by gentleness and a heart of unquestioning kindness. But such virtues served only to make him seem weak in the face of Nazi humiliations." Thus, as Kissinger matured, he "repeatedly attached himself to forceful, often over-bearing patrons with powerful personalities," including Nelson Rockefeller and Richard Nixon.
Still another childhood legacy was his "philosophical pessimism." He maintained a dark and verboten world view "suffused with a sense of tragedy." He embraced the view that civilization's tendency is toward decay, and "statesman must continually fight against the natural tendency toward international instability."
"Given a choice of order or justice, he often said, para-phrasing Goethe, he would choose order. He had seen too clearly the consequences of disorder."
As a result, Nixon's Secretary of State became a philosophical, intellectual, and political conservative. He developed an intuitive aversion to change through revolution and became "uncomfortable with the passions of democracy and populism." In essence, Kissinger never embraced "the messy glory of the American political system" particularly since it constrained his "Realpolitik" approach to administering foreign policy.
The Harvard Experience
In the fall of 1947, Kissinger returned from [a military tour in] Germany to join Harvard's class of 1950 as a twenty-four-year-old mentally gifted sophomore. "We never, ever discussed our Jewishness," recalled Arthur Gilman, Kissinger's roommate. But during late-night discussions, Kissinger strongly opposed Israel's creation. "He said it would alienate the Arabs and jeopardize U.S. interests. I thought it was a strange view for someone who was a refugee from Nazi Germany." Herbert Engelhardt, another dormitory resident said, "I got the impression that Kissinger suffered less anti-semitism as a youth than I did growing up in New Jersey."
Kissinger's university acquaintances described him as an intensely driven, excessively mature, incessant reader who bit his fingernails and established his own rule. Despite his expressed interest in sports, the young immigrant skipped all athletic events, avoided drinking and partying with his housemates, failed to join clubs or societies, contributed nothing to school publications, and made no effort to participate in student activities. "Henry could be charming if he decided he wanted to be," said Gilman, "but he was really a loner."
With his interests peaked in government and philosophy, the straight-A student became fascinated with William Yandell Elliot, his firstsemester course professor in "The Development of Constitutional Government." Owing to outstanding academic achievements, Kissinger was entitled to have Elliot serve as his senior faculty tutor. And in recommending Henry for Phi Bets Kappa, Elliot's endorsement read:
"I would say that I have not had any students in the past five years, even among the summa cum laude group, who have had the depth and philosophical insight shown by Mr. Kissinger. On the other hand, his mind lacks grace and is Teutonic in its systemic thoroughness. He has a certain emotional bent, perhaps from a refugee origin, that occasionally comes out. But I would regard him as on the whole a very balanced and just mind."
Kissinger's "Meaning of History"
"In Harvard's 350-year history," wrote another Harvard professor, Isaacson, "it has learned to take in stride the peculiar combination of intellectual brilliance and quirkiness that occasionally blossoms among its undergraduates. Even so, Henry Kissinger's senior thesis is still described in awed tones."
The 383-page "Meaning of History" introduced themes about freedom, morality, revolution, creativity, and bureaucracy that recurred throughout Kissinger's life. It provided a taste of the intellectual haughtiness for which he became famous; it provided an impression of how the future statesman waged the pursuit of peace as "a constant balancing act that lacked larger meaning."
In his chapter covering the early twentieth-century political philosopher Spengler, titled "History as an Institution," Kissinger paraphrased the nationalistic German scholar: "... amidst a repetition of cataclysmic wars the civilization petrifies and dies."
Thus, Kissinger advanced Spengler's portrayal of history as an incessant and existentially doomed power struggle: "a vast succession of catastrophic upheavals of which power is not only the manifestation but the exclusive aim." Then Kissinger provided a stark portrayal of historic determinism: "Life is suffering, birth involves death. Transitoriness is the fate of existence."
The cure for this moribund state of affairs, according to his thesis, lies in the development of personal awareness and "inward conviction" of each individual's freedom - a philosophy advanced most notably by the famous French existentialist Jean Paul Sartre who, following the lead of Karl Marx, became a principal promoter of communism.
Kissinger was also drawn to European conservatism, which focused on national sovereignty and balanced powers. "Youthful fascination with Kant's political writings could have moved Kissinger toward a Wilsonian view of America's interests and mission," explained Peter Dickson in his study of Kissinger. "Instead, the émigré turned to Meternich and Bismarck - the prime practitioners of power politics."
Kissinger's Realpolitik: Visions of a New World Order
Kissinger's Realpolitik - his practical philosophy of political history - as described in his Harvard thesis and demonstrated by his diplomatic behavior, showed that throughout his career he sought to "preserve [and even define a] world order." His approach to peace implied "artfully tending to balances of power." World peace was, therefore, not the defining policy objective for Kissinger.
Kissinger believed that a "balance of power" was the best that could be obtained. This, he believed, could be achieved through the acceptance and control of limited conflicts - "small wars." With this in mind, the diplomat's mission was to insure that the United States and not the Russians would lead and win many of these.
Henry Kissinger: The Walking, Talking Conflict of Interest
EXTRA! (10-11/89), Best of EXTRA!
On Sept. 13, 1989, the day Henry Kissinger ended his tenure as a paid analyst for ABC News, he became the newest member of CBS's board of directors. Kissinger's ties to the TV networks have always been close; no other "expert" is as ubiquitous on TV, commenting on what U.S. policy should be toward countries from Eastern Europe to the Middle East to Latin America.
In recent months, Kissinger has used his high media profile in a spirited defense of China. In a Washington Post/L.A. Times column ("The Caricature of Deng as a Tyrant Is Unfair", 8/1/89), Kissinger argued against sanctions: "China remains too important for America's national security to risk the relationship on the emotions of the moment." He asserted: "No government in the world would have tolerated having the main square of its capital occupied for eight weeks by tens of thousands of demonstrators."
Kissinger's defense of China and other repressive governments has sometimes raised eyebrows. What it has not raised is tough questions from TV interviewers about Kissinger's business ties to these same governments. In a column alluding to FAIR's study that found Kissinger to be Nightline's most frequent guest, the Washington Post's Richard Cohen (8/29/89) sounded an urgent appeal: "Will someone please ask Henry Kissinger the 'C' question?" The "C" stands for conflict of interest.
When he's not pontificating in the media about foreign affairs, he's engaging in foreign financial affairs through his secretive consulting firm, Kissinger & Associates. The firm, representing some 30 multinational companies -- including American Express, H.J. Heinz, ITT and Lockheed -- earns profits by "opening doors" for investors in China, Latin America and elsewhere (New York Times, 4/30/89).
A Wall Street Journal article by John Fialka ("Mr. Kissinger Has Opinions on China -- and Business Ties", 9/15/89) reported that Kissinger also heads China Ventures, a company engaged in joint ventures with China's state bank. As its brochure explains, China Ventures invests only in projects that "enjoy the unquestioned support of the People's Republic of China." The Journal article was unusual in exploring the private business interests behind U.S. foreign policy, not the media's strong suit -- even when, as in Kissinger's case, they are rolled into one person.
In a letter to network TV news programs, FAIR urged that guest analysts be questioned about their financial links to the subjects they are discussing, and that such links be disclosed on the air: "Our society demands financial disclosure of politicians and government officials; shouldn't we expect the news media to disclose the financial interests of their guest experts when such interests are related to the issues under discussion?"
What charter? With Western Europe safe, NATO moves into the nation-building mode.
The U.S.-led NATO attack on a sovereign nation is part of a much bigger Bilderberg plan than stopping Serbians from butchering ethnic Albanians, according to a high State Department source.
"It is important to the Bilderberg scheme for world government to get NATO out from the limitations of its own charter," said the source, a reliable observer for more than a decade.
The treaty limits the alliance to a defensive position, providing that if any member nation is attacked, all NATO countries would respond, he pointed out. The treaty has no authority for an unprovoked attack on a sovereign nation.
"By bombing Kosovo, the precedent is set," he said. "Despite the terms of the treaty, NATO now can go anywhere and attack anybody. This solidifies NATO's role as the UN's world army."
While not officially sanctioned by the UN because Red China and Russia would exercise Security Council vetoes and block the action, the UN bureaucrats privately celebrate NATO's attack, he said.
"It's all so transparent, but the media covers it up and Americans don't read enough anyway - that's why they're so damn ignorant," he said.
While ethnic Albanian blood is being spilled, the amount is exaggerated for propaganda purposes and there's much bigger bloodbaths elsewhere if we're looking for a fight, he said.
He also insisted that there was absolutely no risk of the civil war in Yugoslavia spilling over borders and involving other nations, another of the White House rationales.
President Clinton, he said, is "the most blood thirsty draft dodger in history."
Giving NATO a global role instead of only a mission to defend Western Europe is part of both evolving a world army and conditioning the public mind to accept surrendering national sovereignty, he said.
The source pointed to a March 28 column by Jim Hoagland of The Washington Post, who regularly attends Trilateral and Bilderberg meetings.
"The intervention in Kosovo should revive the concept of a `right to intervene' and lead to changes in the United Nation's standards for sovereignty and the existing protections those standards provide for criminal governments," Hoagland wrote.
"NATO's decision to bypass the Security Council to avoid Russian and Chinese vetoes based on `sovereignty' arguments reflects poorly not on NATO but on the Security Council as it is organized," he wrote.
"Using the Kosovo operation to override outmoded sovereignty concerns in international relations would be one measure of political success for this high-cost intervention," Hoagland added.
"Hoagland's column couldn't be better Bilderberg propaganda if Henry Kissinger had dictated it," the official said.
from Leading Edge, 1999-Apr-25, by Barry Chamish in Israel:
The Truth About Bosnia
From the author of ISRAEL BETRAYED, Barry Chamish sends us this article originally published in Leading Edge: His title was The Truth About Bosnia; Chamish' title to us is NWO KOSOVO My title is ***CAN YOU STAND THE TRUTH ABOUT NWO***
December 19, 1994, writer Warren Hough claims that Henry Kissinger was accused by French President Mitterand of being the "master manipulator" of the Yugoslav conflict.
The allegation is said to have been made at a meeting of the European Security Conference in Budapest, Hungary. According to Warren Hough:
As part of their war plans, the Serb leaders spent millions of dollars on contracts and payoffs in the United States.
Wall Street sources say that most of these short-lived deals were apparently set up to make money for Kissinger's consulting firm, Kissinger Associates, the founding director of which was Lord Carrington, a "peace" negotiator in the former Yugoslavia.
Money was also made for two of Kissinger's cronies, Lawrence Eagleberger and Brent Scowcroft. A review of bank records in New York City revealed that as early as 1992 Eagleberger (former US Secretary of State) and Scowcroft (White House national security advisor for George Bush), concealed a compromising "cash nexus" to the Serbs while they were supposedly formulating "impartial U.S. positions" toward the warring ethnic factions of the former Yugoslavia.
It is a point of interest that an advisor to Serb leader, Radovan Karadzic has been Sir Alfred Sherman, who has operated from an apartment next door to Karadzic's office.
According to published research, Sherman is known as the "inventor of Margaret Thatcher", and he was at the forefront of the maneuvering that led to her election.
The Serbs were funded by the Elite via Belgrade banks in involving massive drug money laundering. It is also amazing how many "foundations" were set up in the former Yugoslavia by financial speculator George Soros. He has set up these fronts in Bosnia, Croatia, Slovenia and Belgrade.
Soros is a close friend of Lawrence Eagleberger at Kissinger Associates, the former US ambassador to Belgrade and a close ally of Slobodon Milosevic.
According to writer and researcher Ben Viden, writing in Nexus magazine in February 1996, America, Germany and Israel wre running a secret airlift of arms to Croatia and Bosnia from the start of the conflict.
French journalists revealed in 1994 that CIA agents were luring Bosnian Muslims into reckless and hopeless counter-attacks against the Serbs on false promises of U.S. support -- a fact backed up by George Kenney, an American official in charge of Yugoslavia affairs at the US State Department until he quit in disgust on August 14, 1992.
Warren Hough states that while the Muslims were set up, the Kissinger network was playing the "good-guy-bad-guy" game, which manipulators use so often. It involved the two Serb leaders, Milosevic and Karadzic, according to Hough.
Under this scenario, Milosevic, the client of Kissinger Associates, publicly repudiated and condemned the illegal onslaught of Karadzic's troops against Bosnian Muslims.
But covertly the Milosevic government furnished the "renegade" forces of Karadzic with all the weapons and support they needed to wage an implacable "war of extermination" against their Muslim neighbors.
Muslim resupply was, of course, blocked by "the UN arms embargo."
The research also claims that Saudi Arabia, itself a fascist tyranny, was being set up by this plan. According to some sources, King Faud was repeatedly assured that the U.S. planned to lift the arms embargo in time to allow weapons to reach the Muslims.
As a result, the King convinced other Islamic leaders to have faith in Washington.
Now, the Saudi monarchy is renounced as a traitor to Islam, which, of course, suits the manipulators well.
In the light of all this, there are some interesting connections between the "peace negotiators" in Bosnia.
Lord Carrington (Royal Institute of International Affairs, Bilderberger, Trilateral Commission, Committee of 300); Lloyd Owen, (Bilderberger, Trilateral Commission) and Sweden's Carl Bildt (Bilderberger) followed each other as official "peace negotiators" for the European Union in the former Yugoslavia.
Cyrus Vance (CFR, TC, BIL, Comm300) was the UN "peace negotiator" while at the same time a director of Manufacturers Hanover Trust. When Vance resigned, the UN appointed Norway's Thorvald Stoltenberg (TC, BIL). And, when they understandably failed to "achieve peace," Jimmy Carter (TC), flies to Bosnia as an "independent negotiator."
Later came Richard Holbrooke (TC, CFR, BIL) as the peace envoy of Bill Clinton (CFR, TC, BIL), and the U.S. ambassador of Yugoslavia was Warren Zimmerman (TC, CFR) who reported to Warren Christopher (TC, CFR).
Remember the horrific genocide in Rwanda?
Who arrived in Rwanda just days before it broke out on an undisclosed "diplomatic mission"? Lord Carrington and Henry Kissinger.
Can pigs fly?
So, the contrived "Bosnian Conflict" has led to the creation of the biggest multinational force assembled since World War II, made possible by deliberately-caused human suffering.
The main front man for this NATO world army was Bill Clinton, (CFR, TC, BIL), the "yes man" for David Rockefeller and the Elite.
On December 6, 1995, we saw a full-page advertisement in the (CIA-controlled) Washington Post placed by an organization calling itself the "Committee for American Leadership in Bosnia," signed by Zbigniew Brzezinski (CFR and TC founder, BIL), Congressman Stephen Solarz (CFR), George Soros (BIL),Michael Armacost (CFR and president of the Elite Brookings Institute), and Leslie Gelb (TC, president of CFR),
We have one-party states within a one-party world under a one-party army.
How many more have to suffer before the political stooges stop being duped?
How many more tragedies before the human race takes control of its own destiny?
What is true of Bosnia is also true of the conflict in Kosovo, stage two in the Balkans NATO-New World Order agenda.
Again we have the grotesque site of Madeleine Albright, the U.S. Secretary of State and High Priestess of American politics making speeches about "peace" and "freedom" when she is responsible for implementing policies of genocide.
This is the same Madeleine Albright who is involved in Project Monarch and other mind control programmes in which endless numbers of children are tortured and traumatised beyond the imagination.
To her the horrors of Kosovo are meaningless, except as a means to achieve the goal of those she salvishly serves.
Look at the other major puppets in the Kosovo massacre, Bill Clinton and Tony Blair. Both are knowing players in the agame of global control on behalf of their puppet masters. Both are worthy successors to the stream of deeply corrupt mass murderers who have occupied the White House and Downing Street.
They know that those who implement the abuse of ethnic Albanians are controlled by the same people who enforce the NATO bombings in response to this "tthnic cleansing".
As the Millennium approaches, the creation of global chaos will be increased at every turn and there is every chance that what we are seeing in Kosovo today will escalate into a much wider conflict.
Watch for the involvement of China and future hostilities also as NATO emerges as the global police force.
We need to stop looking to politicians for answers and start organizing ourselves in our own communities to build local economies and organizations which can operate outside this manipulation.
A good statement of intent, in my view, would be a mass-boycott of all state and national elections. To vote under present circumstances is to give credence to a system that is designed to control us and not to set us free.
By refusing to vote and have any part in it, we can show how we feel. We can say to the manipulators:
"We know what you are doing and the game is up."
"We will no longer be manipulated into supporting and maintaining the one-party state and a one-party world."
from the St. Peterburg Times "Global Eye," 1999-Apr-20:
Curious George
A CIA spymaster who headed the shadowy intelligence agency during one of its murkiest periods, the mid-1970s - when it was bankrolling the murderous coup in Chile and training cadres of right-wing Latin American militarists (including one Manuel Noreiga) in torture tactics - last week called for the release of Gen. Augusto "Cattle Prod" Pinochet from his "unjust" detention in Britain.
Yes, it was none other than good old George Bush, throwing the colossal force of his moral integrity behind Pinochet's cause, which has also been embraced by such humanitarian stalwarts as Margaret Thatcher and Henry Kissinger, MSNBC reports.
Pinochet, of course, is "suffering" from a draconian "incarceration" in a four-bedroom mansion in Surrey (which is costing his hard-right sugar daddies a cool $16,000 per month) while the British government decides whether to extradite him to Spain to face murder charges stemming from his tyrannical rule in Chile.
George, no doubt with a fond look back to those days when he used to help his good friend Gussy kick Commie butt (kidnapped, strapped-down, strung-up, slit-open, flayed-and-salted alleged Commie butt, sure, but what the hey), called Pinochet's luxury lock-up "a travesty of justice."
Well, he and Gus would know all about that, wouldn't they?
From Wayne Mann's 1998-May-25 TPDP, an editorial from the New York Times
AT HOME ABROAD / By ANTHONY LEWIS
Their Suharto and Ours
In December, 1975, President Ford and his Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, visited President Suharto in Indonesia. They reacted with a nod and a wink to his plans to seize East Timor. The day after they left, Indonesian forces invaded the distant island, using American arms. In the invasion and ensuing occupation, a third of East Timor's 600,000 people died.
When it was pointed out that using American arms aid for aggression violated U.S. law, Mr. Kissinger reportedly told his staff: "Can't we construe [stopping] a Communist government in the middle of Indonesia as self-defense?" (East Timor was in fact remote from Indonesia, and its mostly Roman Catholic people wanted independence, not Communism.)
That episode tells us that an element in American foreign policy also fell when President Suharto resigned last week. He was one more in a string of dictators who were admired by U.S. governments but rejected, in the end, by their own people.
Mr. Kissinger was most closely identified with the policy: the idea that we should support authoritarian rulers because they could assure stability. Thus Mr. Kissinger smiled on the Shah of Iran, Augusto Pinochet of Chile, Yahya Khan of Pakistan and the like.
But it has turned out that tyranny does not assure stability. Democracy does. Suharto lasted a very long time compared with other tyrants, 32 years. But eventually resentment of his kleptocracy -- the corrupt enrichment of his children and other relatives -- boiled over.
Suharto ruled by fear, as tyrants always do. Anyone who looked like a potential opponent was imprisoned or brutalized into silence. [...]
Protests continued even after troops made the mistake, fatal for Suharto, of firing on an unarmed crowd.
The events in Indonesia have also buried a theoretical justification of strongman rule. That is the notion -- invented by Lee Kuan Yew, the longtime ruler of Singapore -- that Asians prefer order to freedom, and that such "Asian values" underlie the region's decade of rapid economic growth.
The economic miracle has come to an end in the Asian financial crisis. And political change, first in Thailand and South Korea, now in Indonesia, has shown that Asians do not really prefer to live under authoritarian regimes. They want a voice, and they want freedom.
[...]
The larger implications of Indonesian events are for China. Its Communist rulers have maintained stability by rapid economic growth and tight political control. Indonesia shows the limits of that formula. Continuing stability will surely depend on the introduction of democracy in China, however gradually.
There is also a lesson for the United States. Right up to the end, the U.S. Defense Department was training Indonesian units that specialize in the torture and "disappearance" of dissidents. Congress banned American training of Indonesian forces in 1992, but it went on secretly until a victim of torture escaped and told his story this month, shaming the Pentagon into cutting off the program.
In the world as it is, the United States cannot deal only with nice guys. We need good relations with some undemocratic governments. But we do not have to condone savagery, much less assist it.
The International Institute for Strategic Studies, known as the IISS and located at 23 Tavistock Street in London, was formed in 1958 as a result of decisions made at Bilderberg '57. E. H. van der Beugel, who chaired Bilderberg after the death of Retinger (l'eminence grise) in 1960, later became president of the IISS. Bertram Christoph, representative to Bilderberg for Germany and Bilderberg attendant in '95, '96, and '98, is a former director of the IISS.
An Altavista search for ``Bilderberg'' limited to host:*.eth.ch (the common domain of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) returns zero hits. This level of systematic blackout is quite routine with Bilderberg.
Another top-tier think tank associated closely with the international councils (now, with Bilderberg) is the Institute for Advanced Studyat Princeton University. Its current chairman is James Wolfensohn, an important inner circle Bilderberger.
The Institute for Advanced Study is an independent, private institution dedicated entirely to the encouragement, support and patronage of learning through fundamental research and definitive scholarship across a wide range of fields. It was founded in 1930 by Louis Bamberger and Caroline Bamberger Fuld as a center where intellectual inquiry can be carried out in the most favorable circumstances. Over the past sixty-five years the Institute has been home to some of the most highly regarded thinkers of the twentieth century, drawing promising young postdocs and accomplished senior scholars from around the world to its New Jersey campus.
The Institute today consists of the School of Historical Studies, the School of Mathematics, the School of Natural Sciences and the School of Social Science. Each School has a small permanent Faculty, and some 160 fellowships are awarded annually to Visiting Members from other research institutions and universities throughout the world. In any given year they represent about one hundred higher education institutions and come from twenty to thirty countries. The Institute's nearly 5000 former Members hold positions of intellectual and scientific leadership in the United States and abroad.
More than a dozen Nobel Laureates have been Institute Faculty or Members, and many more are winners of the Wolf or MacArthur prizes or the Fields Medal. Most of the Faculty are members of the National Academy of Sciences or the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
The Institute has no formal curriculum, degree programs, schedule of courses, laboratories, or other experimental facilities. It is committed to exploring the most fundamental areas of knowledge, areas where there is little expectation of immediate outcomes or striking applications--nonetheless, the long-term impact of Institute research has sometimes been dramatic. No contracted or directed research is done at the Institute, and it receives no income from tuition or fees. Resources for operations come from endowment income, grants from private foundations and government agencies, and gifts from corporations and individuals. It has no formal links to other educational institutions, but since its founding the Institute has enjoyed close, collaborative ties with Princeton University and other nearby institutions.
Located on an idyllic campus on Olden Lane in the southwestern part of Princeton Township, the Institute's facilities include several academic buildings, two libraries, a dining hall, an auditorium, and housing for Members.
The main telephone number for the Institute is (609) 734-8000. Our mailing address is: Institute for Advanced Study, Olden Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540-0631. You may contact the Institute's Public Affairs Officer, Georgia Whidden, at (609) 734-8239. An e-mail address for each School's Administrative Officer is provided on this site on the pages for each of the Institute's four Schools.
Maintained by: Georgia Whidden Last updated: September 15, 1998
JAMES D. WOLFENSOHN became the ninth President of the World Bank on June 1, 1995. A member of the Institute for Advanced Study's Board of Trustees since 1978 and its Chairman since 1986, Mr. Wolfensohn had been President and C.E.O. of his own investment banking firm, James D. Wolfensohn, Inc., for the last fourteen years. Since Mr. Wolfensohn assumed the World Bank's presidency, he has spent much of his time traveling throughout the world to see first-hand the Bank's operations. He has been to Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, Australia,East Asia, and the Middle East, meeting with government leaders, representatives of business, labor, non-governmental organizations, church groups, the media, students, and teachers. Mr. Wolfensohn believes that it is critical to form his own view of what the World Bank has done in the past and will do in the future. During an interview with The Washington Post, he said, "I'll be walking the streets, smelling it myself. I can't get that from listening to commentary in Washington." This hands-on approach is typical for Mr. Wolfensohn. He served as a Royal Australian Air Force Flying Officer, and in 1956 was a member of the Australian Olympic Fencing Team. He holds B.A. and LL.B. degrees from the University of Sydney and was an attorney with an Australian law firm before attending the Harvard Graduate School of Business from which he received his M.B.A. A lover and patron of the arts, he has been Chairman of the Board of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts since 1990, and earlier he was Chair of the Board of Carnegie Hall. Mr. Wolfensohn is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Director Phillip Griffiths said recently that he and all in the Institute community are delighted that, despite the demanding schedule Mr. Wolfensohn will face as President of the World Bank, he will be able to continue his commitment to the Institute and his chairmanship of the Board.
When Albert Einstein came to the United States, he stationed himself at the IAS. Einstein was a vocal proponent of the world government concept, including particularly the disarmament of nations. In the chapter on erosion of sovereignty is an essay that details Einstein's promotion of the world government concept, explaining why he considered it to be imperative. My own retorts are interstitiated therein.
JAMES D. WOLFENSOHN (Chairman) President, The World Bank Washington, DC
LEON LEVY (Vice Chairman) Partner, Odyssey Partners, L.P. New York, New York
JAMES G. ARTHUR University Professor, Department of Mathematics University of Toronto Toronto, Canada
RICHARD B. BLACK President, Oak Technology, Inc. Sunnyvale, California
MICHAEL R. BLOOMBERG President and Founder, Bloomberg Financial Markets New York, New York
MARTIN A. CHOOLJIAN President, CH Capital Corporation Princeton, New Jersey
ANNE d'HARNONCOURT The George D. Widener Director and CEO, Philadelphia Museum of Art Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
MARIO DRAGHI Director General of the Treasury, Ministry of the Italian Treasury Rome, Italy
JEAN BETHKE ELSHTAIN Laura Spelman Rockefeller Professor of Social and Political Ethics The University of Chicago Chicago, Illinois
VARTAN GREGORIAN President, Carnegie Corporation New York, New York
PHILLIP A. GRIFFITHS Director, Institute for Advanced Study Princeton, New Jersey
AGNES GUND President, The Museum of Modern Art New York, New York
TORU HASHIMOTO Chairman of the Board, The Fuji Bank, Limited Tokyo, Japan
JON M. HUNTSMAN, Jr. Vice Chairman, Huntsman Salt Lake City, Utah
PETER R. KANN Publisher and Chairman, Dow Jones & Company, Inc. New York, New York
HELENE L. KAPLAN Of Counsel, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom New York, New York
IMMANUEL KOHN Senior Partner and Chairman of the Executive Committee, Cahill Gordon & Reindel New York, New York
MARIE-JOSEE KRAVIS Senior Fellow, Hudson Institute, Inc. New York, New York
MARTIN L. LEIBOWITZ Vice Chairman and Chief Investment Officer, TIAA-CREF New York, New York
DAVID F. MARQUARDT Managing Partner, August Capital Menlo Park, California
ROBERT B. MENSCHEL Limited Partner, Goldman Sachs & Company New York, New York
NATHAN P. MYHRVOLD Chief Technology Officer, Microsoft Corporation Redmond, Washington
MARTIN J. REES Royal Society Research Professor, Institute of Astronomy University of Cambridge Cambridge, England
JAMES J. SCHIRO Chairman, Price Waterhouse LLP New York, New York
RONALDO H. SCHMITZ Member of the Board of Managing Directors, Deutsche Bank AG Frankfurt, Germany
RUTH J. SIMMONS President, Smith College Northampton, Massachusetts
CHARLES SIMONYI Chief Architect, Microsoft Corporation Redmond, Washington
MICHEL L. VAILLAUD New York, New York
LADISLAUS VON HOFFMANN President, Omicron Investments, Inc. Washington, DC
BRIAN F. WRUBLE Partner, Odyssey Partners, L.P. New York, New York
MORTIMER B. ZUCKERMAN Chairman and Editor-in-Chief, U.S. News and World Report New York, New York
TRUSTEES EMERITI
CHARLES L. BROWN v THEODORE L. CROSS JOSEPH L. DOOB v SIDNEY D. DRELL v WILFRIED GUTH RALPH E. HANSMANN v HAMISH MAXWELL v MARTIN E. SEGAL DONALD B. STRAUS v FRANK E. TAPLIN, Jr.
PRESENT AND PAST DIRECTORS
ABRAHAM FLEXNER (1930-1939) v FRANK AYDELOTTE (1939-1947) J. ROBERT OPPENHEIMER (1947-1966) v CARL KAYSEN (1966-1976) HARRY WOOLF (1976-1987) v MARVIN L. GOLDBERGER (1987-1991) PHILLIP A. GRIFFITHS (1991- )
PRESENT AND PAST FACULTY
STEPHEN L. ADLERv JAMES W. ALEXANDER v ANDREW E. Z. ALFOLDI MICHAEL F. ATIYAH vJOHN N. BAHCALL ARNE K. A. BEURLING v ENRICO BOMBIERI v ARMAND BOREL JEAN BOURGAIN v GLEN W. BOWERSOCK LUIS A. CAFFARELLI v HAROLD F. CHERNISS v MARSHALL CLAGETT GILES CONSTABLE v PATRICIA CRONE ROGER F. DASHEN v PIERRE DELIGNE v FREEMAN J. DYSON EDWARD M. EARLE v ALBERT EINSTEIN JOHN H. ELLIOTT vCLIFFORD GEERTZv FELIX GILBERT JAMES F. GILLIAM v KURT GÖDEL HETTY GOLDMAN v OLEG GRABAR v CHRISTIAN HABICHT HARISH-CHANDRA v ERNST HERZFELD ALBERT O. HIRSCHMANv LARS V. HÖRMANDER v PIET HUT ERNST H. KANTOROWICZ v GEORGE F. KENNAN ROBERT P. LANGLANDS v IRVING LAVIN v T. D. LEE ELIAS A. LOWE v ROBERT D. MacPHERSON JACK F. MATLOCK, Jr. v MILLARD MEISS v BENJAMIN D. MERITT JOHN W. MILNOR v DAVID MITRANY DEANE MONTGOMERY v MARSTON MORSE v ABRAHAM PAIS ERWIN PANOFSKY v PETER PARET TULLIO E. REGGE v WINFIELD W. RIEFLER v MARSHALL N. ROSENBLUTH JOAN WALLACH SCOTTv NATHAN SEIBERG ATLE SELBERG v KENNETH M. SETTON v CARL L. SIEGEL THOMAS SPENCER v WALTER W. STEWART BENGT G. D. STRÖMGREN v HOMER A. THOMPSON v OSWALD VEBLEN HEINRICH VON STADEN v JOHN VON NEUMANN MICHAEL WALZERv ROBERT B. WARREN v ANDRÉ WEIL HERMANN WEYL v MORTON WHITE HASSLER WHITNEY vFRANK WILCZEKv EDWARD WITTEN ERNEST LLEWELLYN WOODWARD v C. N. YANG v SHING-TUNG YAU
Bilderberg is to the IISS roughly as Bohemian Grove is to the CSIS (Center for Strategic and International Studies, covered below).
from the Sacramento Bee, 1999-Aug-2, by Suzanne Bohan:
Movers, shakers from politics, business go Bohemian: Annual Sonoma fete draws Bushes, Kissinger, Powell, Gingrich
MONTE RIO -- The Bohemian Club's Annual Summer Encampment came to a close here Sunday, ending a two-week retreat for the rich and powerful that President Herbert Hoover once called "the greatest men's party on Earth." The club's famed annual gathering has been held for more than 100 years at the 2,700-acre Bohemian Grove in Monte Rio, about 70 miles north of San Francisco in Sonoma County. This year's event drew in notables such as former President George Bush, Texas Gov. George W. Bush, Henry Kissinger, retired Gen. Colin Powell, former House Speaker Newt Gingrich and Dow Chemical Chairman Frank Popoff, as well as actor Danny Glover.
The men gather to celebrate what they call "the spirit of Bohemia," said Peter Phillips, a Sonoma State University sociology professor who wrote his doctoral dissertation on the Bohemian Club.
"This is a place men can go and hang out with people who are similar to them," he said.
The annual gathering near the Russian River, which was first held in 1879, starts with the "Cremation of Care" ritual, in which the club's mascot is burned in effigy, symbolizing a freedom from care. Members also perform several plays, and gourmet food and expensive wine are plentiful.
While the club was formed in 1872 by a group of San Francisco journalists, the male-only club now bars journalists from membership to protect the group's privacy. Membership is coveted, and people routinely wait 10 or 15 years before gaining admittance. There are currently about 2,700 members.
The club has drawn criticism for years because of its emphasis on privacy. What particularly concerns Phillips and others are the "Lakeside Talks" held during the summer retreat. This year, Powell was expected to deliver a talk titled "America's Promise Leading Armies and Leading Kids," and Popoff, of Dow Chemical, was to give a speech called "Environmental Journey."
"These are often public policy speeches," said Mary Moore, with Bohemian Grove Action Network, a protest group. "And the American public is not privy to it."
No one from the club returned several calls from The Bee.
Bohemian Grove Action Network has periodically held demonstrations at the grove, although none were held this year.
The point of the protests, Moore said, has been "to let the American public know that what they've learned in civics isn't the full story on how decision-making . . . is made in this country." The Bohemian Club, she said, "is one of the most elite organizations on the planet."
When the group sponsors public policy talks that are held without public scrutiny, "the average American feels left out of the process," she said.
Phillips echoes Moore's objections to the off-the-record nature of the Lakeside Talks.
"These are extremely powerful people and private discussions on policy issues that affect us certainly go against democratic principles," he said. "There's no reason that those speeches they're giving couldn't be transcribed and made public. They have a responsibility to be open about it."
When Dirk Mathison, San Francisco bureau chief for People magazine, infiltrated the exclusive Bohemian Grove retreat this summer, he got a view into the U.S. elite that very few reporters have glimpsed. Unfortunately, that elite includes the management of Time Warner, the owner of People, which prevented Mathison from telling his story.
Bohemian Grove, a secluded campground in California's Sonoma County, is the site of an annual two-week gathering of a highly select, all-male club, whose members have included every Republican president since Calvin Coolidge. Current participants include George Bush, Henry Kissinger, James Baker and David Rockefeller -- a virtual who's who of the most powerful men in business and government.
Few journalists have gotten into the Grove and been allowed to tell the tale (one exception is Philip Weiss, whose 11/89 Spy piece provides the most detailed inside account), and members maintain that the goings-on there are not newsworthy events, merely private fun. In fact, official business is conducted there: Policy speeches are regularly made by members and guests, and the club privately boasts that the Manhattan Project was conceived on its grounds.
Given the veil of secrecy that surrounds the Bohemian "encampment," a reporter needs to enter the grounds covertly in order to get a full portrait. Mathison entered the grounds three times July 1991, aided by activists from the Bohemian Grove Action Network.
He witnessed a speech -- "Smart Weapons" -- by former Navy Secretary John Lehman, who stated that the Pentagon estimates that 200,000 Iraqis were killed by the U.S. and its allies during the Gulf War. Other featured speakers included Defense Secretary Richard Cheneyon "Major Defense Problems of the 21st Century", former Health, Education and Welfare Secretary Joseph Califano on "America's Health Revolution -- Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Pays", and former Attorney General Elliott Richardson on "Defining the New World Order".
Mathison's entree into the secret world of the Grove was cut short on July 20, however, when he was recognized by two of the participants in the festivities -- executives from Time Warner, People's publisher. More loyal to the Grove than to journalistic endeavor, they had the reporter removed from the premises (San Francisco Weekly, 8/7/91).
Mathison already had plenty of material, however, and turned in an article to his editors, which was scheduled to appear in the Aug. 5, 1991 issue. They were pleased with the piece, according to Mathison: "They liked it enough to expand it a bit," he told EXTRA!
But then the story was suddenly killed. Landon Jones, managing editor of People, told EXTRA! that the decision had nothing to do with the Time Warner executives. "It was cut partially because he hadn't been there long enough to get a complete story. Secondly, we felt very uncertain about reporting what we did have, because, and this is my fault and I take responsibility for this, I simply didn't realize it was technically trespassing."
For his part, Mathison said he did not know why the story was killed, and implied it would be nearly impossible to find the real reason. "It's easier to penetrate the Bohemian Grove than the Time-Life Building," he told EXTRA!
But the story raises questions about the ability of a media entity to report critically on an elite when its executives are enthusiastic members of that elite. Indeed, the Time organization was noted for sending a corporate plane to the Bohemian gathering every year, according to long-time Grove-watcher Kerry Richardson.
Time Warner is not the only media corporation with Bohemian connections. The list of Fourth Estate bigwigs who have been members or guests is extensive: Franklin Murphy, the former CEO of the Times Mirror corporation; William Randolph Hearst, Jr.; Jack Howard and Charles Scripps of the Scripps-Howard newspaper chain; Tom Johnson, president of CNN and former publisher of the Los Angeles Times.
When Associated Press president Louis Boccardi spoke at one of the Grove's "Lakeside Talks" about kidnapped reporter Terry Anderson (Spy, 11/89), he referred to his audience as men of "power and rank" and "gave them more details than he said he was willing to give his readers."
Walter Cronkite, now on the CBS board, hangs out at the same lodge at Bohemian Grove as George Bush and the former chairs of Procter & Gamble and Bank of America; Cronkite's voice has served as the voice of the Owl of Bohemia, a fixture in the club's mock-druidic rituals.
The media figures attending the retreat all agree not to report on what goes on inside. The prohibition seems to apply to reporters who are not guests or members as well: In 1982, NPR got a recording of Henry Kissinger's speech at the Grove -- but declined to air it (Spy, 11/89). Also in 1982, a Time reporter went undercover as a waiter in Bohemian Grove; like Mathison's People article, his story was killed.
here is a brief on the Center for Strategic and International Studies. This organization, by all appearances, is entirely evil and subversive. It is a hub of practical globalist-feudalist policy development, promulgation, and implementational coordination. Browsing directories of recentissues of their journal or of their recent publications provides ample demonstration of this. Elite congressional involvement is extensive. The CSIS is a major doctrinal organ. Almost all of their publications are available only through purchase at significant cost, but they are nonetheless all available to the public.
Lester M. Alberthal, Jr. Betty Beene Reginald K. Brack, Jr. William E. Brock Harold Brown Zbigniew Brzezinski Robert A. Day Michael P. Galvin* Joseph T. Gorman Carla A. Hills Ray L. Hunt James A. Kelly Henry A. Kissinger Donald B. Marron Homer A. Neal John E. Pepper William J. Perry Charles A. Sanders John C. Sawhill James R. Schlesinger William A. Schreyer* Brent Scowcroft Murray Weidenbaum Frederick Whittemore R. James Woolsey Amos A. Jordan, Emeritus Leonard H. Marks, Emeritus Robert S. Strauss, Emeritus
*member of the Executive Committee
Advisory Board
The Advisory Board is composed of both public and private sector policymakers, including 14 members of Congress. The Board is cochaired by Zbigniew Brzezinski and Carla Hills.
Corporate Officers
Anthony A. Smith, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Richard M. Fairbanks III, Managing Director for Domestic and International Issues William J. Taylor, Jr., Senior Vice President for International Security Affairs Erik R. Peterson, Senior Vice President and Director of Studies Bradley D. Belt, Vice President for International Finance and Economic Policy Judy L. Harbaugh, Vice President for Development M. Jon Vondracek, Vice President for External Relations Brenda Palmer, Vice President for Finance and Administration
Counselors
CSIS Counselors are world-class strategists who have formerly held top-level government posts. They bring to the Center an extensive reserve of expertise and experience.
William E. Brock Harold Brown Zbigniew Brzezinski Henry A. Kissinger Mack McLarty Sam Nunn James R. Schlesinger
Advisers
Senior advisers and associates are an integral part of the CSIS family. They provide substantive counsel and input on the full range of Center projects.
Distinguished Senior Scholars
Fred C. Iklé (in residence) Bernard Lewis (Princeton University)
Senior Advisers
J. Carter Beese Wayne Berman M. Stanton H. Burnett Derek H. Burney Richard R. Burt William Clark, Jr. Arnaud de Borchgrave Diana Lady Dougan Ernest Graves Max M. Kampelman Robert H. Kupperman David McCurdy Robert G. Neumann Stephen J. Solarz The Duke of Westminster
The Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) is a public policy research institution dedicated to analysis and policy impact. CSIS is the only institution of its kind that maintains resident experts on all the world's major geographical regions. It also covers key functional areas, such as international finance, U.S. domestic and economic policy, and U.S. foreign policy and national security issues.
For more than three decades, the strategic approach of CSIS has emphasized long-range, anticipatory, and integrated thinking on a wide range of policy issues.
The Center's staff of 80 research specialists, 80 support staff, and 70 interns, is committed to generating strategic analysis, analyzing policy options, exploring contingencies, and making recommendations.
Founded in 1962 and located in Washington, D.C., CSIS is a private, tax-exempt institution. Its research is non-partisan and non-proprietary. On January 1, 1999, Sam Nunn assumed the position of chairman of the CSIS Board of Trustees, formerly held by Anne Armstrong, and Robert Zoellick assumed the presidency as David M. Abshire became the CSIS chancellor.
The Center's gateway to Asia is the Honolulu-based Pacific Forum CSIS. It is the hub of a network of 20 research institutes around the Pacific Rim. Forum programs encompass current and emerging political, security, economic, and business issues. Brent Scowcroft chairs its Board of Governors and James A. Kelly is its president.
Its goal is to inform and shape selected policy decisions in government and the private sector to meet the increasingly complex and difficult challenges that leaders will confront in the next century.
How does CSIS implement this mission?
CSIS achieves this mission in three ways:
By generating strategic analysis
CSIS is a source of scholarly analysis on international public policy issues, such as the following:
The Seven Revolutions Project, which identifies and analyzes the issues that leaders will face in the year 2020. This project assesses trends in seven areas of revolutionary change: demography, environment, technology, knowledge, economics and finance, conflict, and society and politics. Trends within these Seven Revolutions, analysis of links among those revolutions, and the Center's contingency thinking have been woven together into a multimedia presentation that has been shown around the world.
Global Trends 2002 brings together CSIS experts to examine major world trends over the next decade and their implications for a number of key countries. Designed to offer useful, near-term insights to decision makers in business and government, Global Trends 2002 differs from Seven Revolutions in three primary ways: its shorter time frame, its more in-depth research and analysis, and its use of specific contingency analyses and country projections.
Middle East Dynamic Net Assessment examines the strategic environment in the Middle East, taking in to account the most recent political and military developments in the region, and explores the implication s for regional security.
By convening policymakers and other influential parties
CSIS has a long-standing reputation for bringing together leaders from government, the private sector, and academia from around the world. Examples include:
Global Organized Crime examines the implications of this burgeoning threat to global stability and information technology security from narcotics trafficking, financial crime, Russian and Asian organized crime, terrorism, and the nuclear black market. The project is chaired by Judge William Webster.
The Global Information Infrastructure Commission is designed to foster private sector leadership and private-public sector cooperation in the development of information networks and services. The 40 commissioners include CEOs of major international corporations, the World Bank, and government representatives. Commission cochairs are Minoru Makihara (CEO of Mitsubishi), Les Alberthal (chairman and CEO of EDS) and Volker Jung (executive vice-president and member of the managing board of Siemens AG).
The American-Ukrainian Advisory Committee identifies opportunities for closer political and economic cooperation between the two countries. The committee makes concrete recommendations at the highest political level to the two governments to assist Ukraine in consolidating its independence and in undertaking the transition to a market economy. The chairman of the group is CSIS counselor Zbigniew Brzezinski.
By building structures for policy action
CSIS mobilizes government and private-sector leaders in action commissions and other high-level groups and then moves policymakers to take concrete actions.
These initiatives are designed to achieve specific, well-defined results—such as replacing the current anti-savings, anti-investment tax code in the United States and increasing foreign investment flows to economies in transition.
Specifically, CSIS action commissions and other high-level groups have been formed in Poland and with the MERCOSUR countries to explore concrete ways of promoting foreign investment, encouraging private enterprise, and expanding economic, financial, and political ties with the Unites States. At home, CSIS has had an important policy impact on fiscal, tax, health care, and capital market reform as a result of its Strengthening of America Commission and its follow-up effort, the National Campaign to Strengthen America.
The Houston and Dallas Roundtables bring together local business leaders and CSIS experts to discuss current international political and economic trends.
The Washington Roundtable meets three to four times a year with members of Congress, executive branch officials, and other Washington experts to discuss pressing policy issues of the day.
The International Councillors: CSIS Counselor Henry Kissinger chairs the semiannual meetings of this group of international business leaders who discuss the implications of the changing economic and strategic environment.
The International Research Council: The Council is a group of world renowned scholars who oversee the development and execution of the Center's research agenda. Cochairs are Walter Laqueur and Murray Weidenbaum.
The 2020 Committee is a network of younger members of the CSIS community who are also leaders in business and government. Established a the time of the Center's 30th anniversary in 1993, the 2020 Committee was given a charter to oversee and advise CSIS as it looks ahead toward the next 30 years. Michael Galvin is the committee's chairman.
Networks - CSIS creates and manages dozens of formal and informal networks and has expanded significantly onto the Internet through its web site, http://www.csis.org.
Media - CSIS generates thousands of media appearances, articles, and background contacts annually. (Go to the CSIS Press Page)
Publications—CSIS publications include its periodical, The Washington Quarterly, and the Washington Papers, the Significant Issues Series, CSIS Panel Reports, CSIS Reports, and books copublished with scholarly presses. The Center also produces several newsletters, News@CSIS, Euro-Focus, Post-Soviet Prospects, as well as the CSIS Watch, a concise analysis of breaking political and economic events faxed to members of Congress, executive branch officials, and corporate executives. A catalog of CSIS publications is available through the Publications Office at 202-775-3119 (phone), 202-775-3199 (fax), books@csis.org, or on the Publications section of the website.
Who funds CSIS?
Contributions from more than 300 corporations, foundations, and individuals constitute 85% of the revenues required to meet the Center's budget, which in 1997 was $17 million. The remaining funds come from endowment income, government contracts, and publication sales.
The purview of The Washington Quarterly is broad, ranging across the full set of political, economics, and security issues related to the international engagement of the United States. But its focus is policy and the way in which analysis of international events must be translated into policy choices and actions. Its contributors are professionally, politically, and geographically diverse [We got Marxists! We got Fabians! We got fascists! We got it aaaaalll! -Ed.]. TWQ has subscribers in more than 50 countries and is available in bookstores and on newstands.
The attention lavished on the Asian financial crisis is warranted, but is helping to obscure another, and ultimately more threatening, danger: a regional ecological disaster.
__________________________ Pages 11-15
Protecting Democracy Abroad: Bringing Despots to Justice By Morton H. Halperin [a strident Marxist -Ed.] and Kristen Lomasney
It's time for the next logical step in human rights law. As it does with war criminals, the world community should prosecute individuals for human rights violations.
__________________________ Pages 17-23
Dealing with the Backwoods: New Challenges for the Transatlantic Relationship By Volker Stanzel
America, the sole superpower, has been throwing its weight around, and America's allies are looking for ways to respond. These reactions could become dangerous fissures within U.S. alliances.
ROUNDTABLE
Pages 27-35
China into the Abyss?
In our second roundtable, top China hands discuss whether the Asian financial crisis is about to suck China in--or whether Beijing can weather the storm.
Challenges in the Global Economy
__________________________ Pages 39-58
Global Competitiveness Revisted By Rosabeth Moss Kanter
One of the world's leading business and finance experts surveys the emerging interdependencies of global trade and economics.
__________________________ Pages 59-82
Global Competition and the Changing Role of the American Corporation By Marina v.N. Whitman
The character of the modern American corporation is changing along with the world economy.
__________________________ Pages 83-100
Phone Calls and Fax Machines: The Limits to Globalization By Hugh Louch, Eszter Hargittai, and Miguel Angel Centeno
The grand rhetoric about "global communications" begins to look a little flimsy when compared to the real facts about international telephone calling. It has not exploded in recent years, and it has not become truly global.
__________________________ Pages 101-111
The IMF and World Bank: Time to Merge By James B. Burnham
These two global economic behemoths, founded for very different purposes, are for all intents and purposes indistinguishable--and their artificial separation is inefficient.
__________________________ Pages 113-122
Poor Rich Venezuela: Miracle in Reverse By Georgie Anne Geyer
Expectations--and uncertainty--are running at a fever pitch for Venezuela's new president. Journalist Georgie Anne Geyer offers the fascinating results of an extended, revealing interview with the man who could personify a new trend in Latin American politics.
Security Issues
__________________________ Pages 125-138
Open NATO's Door Carefully By Hans Binnendijk and Richard L. Kugler
Three staunch advocates of NATO expansion warn that the first round--embracing Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic--should remain the last round for some time to come.
__________________________ Pages 139-147
The Nonproliferation of States: A Reply to Pascal Boniface By Scott Pegg
In a previous issue of TWQ, Pascal Boniface argued persuasively that a "proliferation of states" constitutes one of the next big threats to global stability. Absolutely not, replies Pegg: no such trend toward global fragmentation exists, and none will emerge.
Global Reportage: Germany, South Africa, Cyprus, and Japan
__________________________ Pages 151-168
Letter from Magdeburg By G. Pascal Zachary
If you think Germany is one country, you're wrong. In many ways, it's still two--and its eastern half is plagued with social and economic problems that don't seem to be getting better.
__________________________ Pages 169-181
Why Killers Should Go Free: Lessons from South Africa By David Goodman
South Africa's much-heralded Truth and Reconciliation Commission has endured a few years of bad press, with skeptics inside the country and around the world wondering why it was ever formed. Goodman tells us why the Commission made a lot of sense after all.
__________________________ Pages 183-193
Conciliation in Cyprus? By Christopher de Bellaigue
Our intrepid contributing correspondent in Ankara travels to Greece and both parts of divided Cyprus to find an alarming buildup of military hardware on the island, sabre-rattling from both Athens and Ankara, and general intransigence toward a solution.
__________________________ Pages 195-212
Japan: The Enigma of American Power By Patrick Smith
Japan, Smith has long been reminding Americans, is a different country than we have assumed. It is now in the process of reclaiming its unique identity. As it does so, relations with the United States are likely to become rocky.
U.S. Politics
__________________________ Pages 215-230
Bridging the Gap By Alice Wang
Contributing correspondent Alice Wang investigates the likely future of what some view as the Republican Party's last, best hope for real majority status--the "compassionate conservative" movement.
The liberal's preoccupation with social "problems" and the Club of Rome's obsession with entropy are essentially expressions of the Second School view. Change, the fundamental motion of the universe, is bad.
Grabbe defines the Second School as those who believe that "Chaos is a Result of Breaking Laws" - a belief diametrically opposed to natural law, hence antithetical to the Innovist ethic, hence quite positively evil. That said, Grabbe has jumped the gun, as becomes clear upon a reading of Ilya Prigogine's brief paper on uncertainty, included above.
I find myself actually liking the Club, from what I know of them. Many of the complaints lodged against the Club could just as easily be lodged against myself - for example, general indictment of the methods of systems analysis (I am, of course, a systematician). One of the Club's founders was a real WWII hero, a partisan jailed by the Italian fascists. The Club seems to be populated, at its highest level, by people who are innocent of the many horrors orchestrated by elites in other superficially similar organizations of this century. After extensive exposure to frightening organizations such as Bilderberg, the Club seems disarmingly sincere and admitting of fallibility. The Club is mentioned by others in ominous terms, but this seems thoroughly uncalled for. Still, many of these Clubbers are the same sort of people who embark on well-meaning programs in the United Nations that often involve calamatous unintended consequences.
The Club of Rome maintains (or rather, forgets to maintain) a web site at http://www.clubofrome.org, which seems a bit buggy and is littered with grammatical and lexical errors. The Club's Executive Committee has a mailbox, executive.committee@clubofrome.org . I have compiled the critical portions of their site into an omnibus page, which is 90K in length. Here are some key excerpts:
A novelist would probably reject the contacts and encounters that led up to the creation of the Club of Rome as too improbable for a good story. An Italian industrialist who has spent much of his working life in China and Latin America meets, via a Russian (although this is at the height of the Cold War), a top international scientific civil servant, Scots by birth and now living in Paris. They find they share similar concerns, become friends, decide to draw others (American, Austrian, British, Danish, French) into their discussions. Unfortunately, the first proper meeting of this group, in Rome in Spring 1968, is a total flop but a handful of die-hards carry on, and within a few years millions of people all round the world are talking about their ideas.
The Club of Rome is a center of research and a think tank, it is also a center of action, of innovation and initiative. The Club of Rome, founded in 1968 in Rome, is a group of scientists, economics, businessmen, international high civil servants, Heads of State and former Heads of State from the five continents, who are convinced that the future of humankind is not determined once and for all and that each human being can contribute to the improvement of our societies.
We, the members of the Club of Rome, are one hundred individuals, at present drawn from 52 countries and five continents.
Currently there are 30 National Associations spread across all five continents.
1986: The Club decided on a deliberate change of emphasis in tackling "the predicament of mankind". While maintaining the distinctively global approach, it chose to focus on particular aspects, sometimes even concentrating on a single major one. Possible topics were then defined by Alexander King in his statement The Club of Rome, Reaffirmation of a Mission. These topics are: governability, peace and disarmament, population growth, human resources, and assessment of the consequences of advances in science and technology.
As the 21st century approaches, there is a growing sense of uncertainty and anxiety. Faced by increasing complexity, dizzying globalisation and a world subject to constant political, economic and social upheavals, human beings today are fearful. We appear to be in the early stages of the formation of a new type of world society.
Nothing escapes this tidal wave that carries all before it. Yet the greatest impact is undoubtedly on human hearts and minds. This why our aim must be essentially normative and action-oriented. We must develop common standards, based on a sense of our shared responsibility towards future generations. The basis of the new order should be an understanding that human initiatives and institutions exist only to serve human needs. Central to it should be values that cannot be imposed from outside but must grow as part of the renewal occurring within every human individual.
The essential mission of the Club of Rome is to act as an international, non-official catalyst of change. This role is prompted by the slowness and inadequacy of governments and their institutions to respond to urgent problems, constrained as they are by structures and policies designed for earlier, simpler times and by relatively short electoral cycles. This, in view of the confrontational nature of much of public and international life, the stifling influence of expanding bureaucracies and the growing complexity of issues, suggests that the voice of independent and concerned people, having access to the corridors of power around the world, should have a valuable contribution to make towards increasing understanding and, at times, jolting the system into action.
The members of the Executive Committe are frequently consulted by decision-makers in international institutions, governments, the business community and civil society; this has always been an important part of our work.
Aware of the importance of the information society, the Club has adopted a policy of world-wide communication, using all the means available, and most recently the Internet with our web site.
However, the Club itself tends normally to adopt a low profile, and the passionate debate sparked by "The Limits to Growth", updated by the authors under the title "Beyond the Limits", has been the only and unexpected exception to this desire to operate discreetly. We believe that we are sometimes more effective when we work behind the scenes.
Alexander King, as the "keeper of the ideology" from the outset, was inspired by the model of the Lunar Society of Birmingham: a group of independent-minded people (such as Wedgwood the potter, James Watt, Priestley the discoverer of oxygen, Erasmus Darwin) who dined together once a month towards the end of the 18th century and discussed the promises and problems offered by contemporary developments in science and industry. The Lunatics, as William Blake called them disparagingly, had no political power or ambitions, but they could see the interconnections between all that was happening around them and the potential for changing the nature of society. No bureaucracy, just thinking and doing.
Eventually the Club did have to draw up some statutes and choose a President (Aurelio Peccei), but that was all. It was decided to limit the membership to 100 because it was feared that larger numbers would become unmanageable and would necessitate a paid secretariat, hence all the usual paraphernalia of finance committees, etc. that they hoped to avoid. So that the Club should be seen to be entirely independent, financial support would not be sought or accepted from governments or industry. For the same reason, there should be no political affiliations or appointments - members appointed to political positions were expected to become sleeping members while in office (this happened, for example, for Okita and Pestel). Otherwise the membership should range as widely as possible, in terms of expertise and geography. A concern with the problematique, and the need to delineate it and understand its nature, was the main requirement for membership, irrespective of political ideology.
The majority ultimately decided that it would take too long and cost too much to develop the Ozbekhan model to the point where it would produce useful results.
Once again, the enterprise might have foundered; but once again, a deus ex machina appeared, this time in the shape of Professor Jay Forrester of MIT, who had been invited to the meeting. For thirty years he had been working on the problem of developing mathematical models that could be applied to complex, dynamic situations such as economic and urban growth. His offer to adapt his well-tried dynamic model to handle global issues was gratefully accepted, and the way ahead suddenly seemed less uncertain. A fortnight later, a group of Club members visited Forrester at MIT and were convinced that the model could be made to work for the kind of global problems which interested the Club. An agreement was signed with a research team at MIT in July 1970, the finance provided by a grant of $200 000 that Pestel had obtained from the Volkswagen Foundation.
The team was made up of 17 researchers from a wide range of disciplines and countries, led by Dennis Meadows. From their base at the Systems Dynamics Group at MIT they assembled vast quantities of data from around the world to feed into the model, focusing on five main variables: investment, population, pollution, natural resources and food. The dynamic model would then examine the interactions among these variables and the trends in the system as a whole over the next 10, 20, 50 years or more if present growth rates were maintained. The global approach was quite deliberate; regional and area studies could come later.
In a remarkably short time, the team produced its report in 1972: The Limits to Growth, written.very readably for a non-specialist audience by Donella Meadows. The response to the book - in all 12 million copies have been sold, translated into 37 languages - showed how many people in every continent were concerned about the predicament of mankind. "The Club of Rome" had begun to make its mark, as its founders had hoped, on the whole world.
Quite wrongly, the Report tended to be perceived as presenting an inescapable scenario for the future, and the Club was assumed to be in favour of zero economic growth. In fact the projection of trends and the analysis of their cross impacts were intended to highlight the risks of a blind pursuit of growth in the industrialised countries, and to induce changes in prevailing attitudes and policies so that the projected consequences should not materialise.
Eduard Pestel was one of those deeply concerned about the undifferentiated global approach adopted in Limits to Growth. As a professional systems analyst (he had established his own Institute for Systems Analysis in Hannover in 1971) he was the obvious person to produce a better one. Accordingly, even before the Meadows Report was published, he and Mihajlo Mesarovic of Case Western Reserve University had begun work on a far more elaborate model (it distinguished ten world regions and involved 200,000 equations compared with 1000 in the Meadows model). The research had the full support of the Club and the final publication, Mankind at the Turning Point, was accepted as an official Report to the Club of Rome in 1974. In addition to providing a more refined regional breakdown, Pestel and Mesarovic had succeeded in integrating social as well as technical data. The Report was less readable than Limits to Growth and did not make the same impact on the general public, but it was well received in Germany and France, in particular.
Peccei persuaded the Austrian Chancellor, Bruno Kreisky, to host a meeting in February 1974 on North-South problems which brought together six other heads of state or government (from Canada, Mexico, the Netherlands, Senegal, Sweden and Switzerland), senior representatives of three others (Algeria, the Republic of Ireland and Pakistan) and ten members of the CoR Executive Committee. Peccei deliberately did not invite any of the major European powers, the USA or the USSR so as to prevent the debate turning into a forum for national or ideological position statements. To encourage the participants to speak freely, they were asked to come without accompanying civil servants and assured that nothing they said would be attributed to them. The two-day private brainstorming meeting ended with a press conference for 300 journalists and the CoR Executive Committee members issued their "Salzburg Statement", which emphasised that the oil crisis was simply part of the whole complex of global problems; the nine recommendations related to many of the issues covered in the NIEO.
Scholars from the First, Second and Third Worlds were invited to participate in the RIO project (Reshaping the International Order), but only Poland and Bulgaria accepted from the Communist bloc. The basic thesis was that the gap between rich and poor countries (with the wealthiest roughly 13 times richer than the poorest) was intolerable and the situation was inherently unstable. What would be required to reduce the gap to 6:1 over 15 to 30 years? (Though still large, this ratio seemed the lowest that could be realistically proposed.) Unlike Limits to Growth the model allowed the developing countries 5% growth per annum, whereas the industrialised countries would have zero or negative growth; all, however, would benefit from more sensible use of energy and other resources and a more equitable distribution of global wealth. The main Report argued that people in the rich countries would have to change their patterns of consumption and accept lower profits, but a dissenting group saw consumption as a symptom rather than a cause of the problems, which stemmed rather from the fundamental power structure.
Another new development was the decision to invite prominent world figures who share the Club's concerns to become Honorary Members. Although their positions may prevent them from taking a public stance, as in the case of the Queen of the Netherlands or the King and Queen of Spain, they can and do give valued moral support. Among the others are former President Gorbachev, former President Richard von Weizsäcker of Germany, the first President of newly democratic Czechoslovakia Vaclav Havel, President Arpad Göncz of Hungary, President Carlos Menem of Argentina, and the Nobel laureates Ilya Prigogine and Lawrence Klein.
As to the more private face of the Club, the personal diplomacy always practised by members was given new impetus by the gradual thaw in East-West relations after 1985. Two examples are particularly striking. Before the Rejkavik Summit in October 1986, Eduard Pestel and Alexander King sent a memo to both President Ronald Reagan and Mikhail Gorbachev, suggesting that the United States and the USSR might be induced to work together on reducing arms sales to poorer countries - the superpowers would gain politically, if not economically, from such efforts, and they would benefit from the experience of actually working together. The response from the White House was perfunctory, but Gorbachev immediately reacted very positively, and this led to personal contacts between the Club and the Soviet leadership during the crucial period of glasnost and perestroika. Similar contacts made by Adam Schaff in Poland led to the creation there of a National Association of the Club of Rome, providing a meeting ground for members of the Communist Party, the Roman Catholic church and Solidarity.
Following the collapse of communism, National Associations for the Club of Rome were established across Eastern Europe, in Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Georgia, Hungary, Rumania, Slovakia, Slovenia and Ukraine; National Associations already existed in Poland and Russia. Chapters were also created in Latin America (Argentina, Chile, Puerto Rico and Venezuela). Currently there are 30 National Associations spread across all five continents.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
Ricardo Diez Hochleitner, Président Bertrand Schneider, Secretary General Ruth Bamela Engo-Tjega, President of African NGO Belisario Betancur, ex-President of Colombia Umberto Colombo, ex Minister of Research and Universities of Italy Orio Giarini, Secretary General of the Geneva Association Bohdan Hawrylyshyn, Chairman,Council of Advisors of the Parliament of Ukraine Alexander King, co-founder of The Club of Rome Yotaro Kobayashi, President of Fuji Xerox Eberhard von Koerber, President of ABB Europe Ruud Lubbers, ex-Prime Minister of the Netherlands Manfred Max-Neef, Rector, Universidad Australe de Chile Samuel Nana Sinkam, FAO Director for Congo Ilya Prigogine, Nobel Laureate, Professor, Université Libre of Bruxelles
"A large section of the intelligentsia seems wholly devoid of intelligence." -G.K. Chesterton
Scientists See Broad Attack Against Research And Reason
Perceived anti-science sentiments include postmodernism, creationism, and alternative medicine--but those targeted say they are no threat.
A rising tide of "irrationalism" in the United States and Europe is helping to fuel dangerous anti-science sentiments, according to a number of researchers and academics. Proof, they say, can be seen in the increased prominence given to postmodernist science studies in the universities, creationism, and alternative medicine.
They claim that the spread of these and other untestable belief systems in society may destabilize science by skewing science education and diminishing public support for experimental research.
"There is a widespread, powerful, corrosive hostility toward science," declares Paul R. Gross, University Professor of Life Sciences and director of the Center for Advanced Studies at the University of Virginia. "It's really toward scientists, by the way, but the confusion is universally made between scientists as persons and the body of knowledge that survives called science."
Postmodernist members of those disciplines engaged in science studies--sociologists, anthropologists, and historians, for example--counter that their critiques are, for the most part, friendly efforts to understand and not to undermine science and scientists. And some alternative medicine proponents say they welcome the role science plays in evaluating therapies.
Last month in New York, about 200 scientists and scholars concerned about the perceived growth in anti-science thinking met to hear speakers describe the problem and map out tactics to counter it. Several attendees from the groups being criticized at the meeting took issue with what they felt was the vitriolic tone of many of the speakers.
With mathematician Norman Levitt from Rutgers University, Gross cochaired the May 31-June 2 conference, sponsored by the New York Academy of Sciences and called "The Flight From Science And Reason." Gross and Levitt are coauthors of the book Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and Its Quarrels with Science (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994), which has become one of the clarion calls for those worried about anti- science.
Battling Postmodernism
The meeting's primary critical focus was postmodernism, a powerful intellectual shift in many humanities disciplines over the past few decades. Postmodernism has many facets--social constructivism and poststructuralism among them--but one of its central notions is that humans cannot perceive the natural world directly. Instead, perceptions must pass through such filters as language and culture, which define our understanding of the world.
It is this idea that angers some experimental scientists, who maintain that science is distinguished by its reliance on empirical data, by the fact that others can replicate its experiments, and by its predictive capability.
"All scientists have a fundamental faith--and it is a faith--that there is a real world out there that has rules that can be understood by rational means," explains David L. Goodstein, vice provost and a professor of physics and applied physics at the California Institute of Technology. "That's what science is all about, and all scientists must believe that. Those who say science is socially constructed, it's not written in nature, it's whatever the scientists and their masters want it to be--that's crackpot. That's where I draw the line."
Individuals pursuing constructivist lines of thinking suggest that differing worldviews serve different purposes for social and natural scientists.
"If I, as an anthropologist, just pull back from my insistence that we can only know the external world through our language, our culture, I can get along fine with the natural scientist who believes that he's finding out what is truly the case in the natural world," says Emily Martin, a Princeton University anthropology professor. Martin does ethnographic studies with immunologists and is married to a biophysics professor. "In order for natural scientists to carry on their work, to do what they do on a daily basis, to carry out experiments, and so on, they have to believe that they are finding out about the natural world. The only effect it would have on them if they shifted their worldview would be that they couldn't carry out their science anymore.
"It's part of the worldview of a natural scientist that the real world actually exists and they are actually finding out about it. Part of the worldview of an anthropologist is that the real world exists, but I can only know about it through my own language, my own culture, so I never can get at it except through these veils, these lenses, these gauzy filters. If they took away my worldview, I couldn't do my ethnography, either."
Gerald Holton, a professor of physics and the history of science at Harvard University, maintains that irrationality of the type described at the conference and espoused by researchers such as Martin is cyclical, having arisen periodically in modern times at least since the Romantic rebellion at the turn of the 19th century. Holton is the author of Science and Anti-Science (Harvard University Press, 1993).
"William Blake and Johann Wolfgang Goethe were outraged by contemporary science," Holton notes. "They called Newton the Satan, because he wanted a science which is consensual--what is right, what is fact, is only what can be agreed on by many people--whereas they felt what is important is the individual, the experience of yourself, by yourself, not the collectivized view of science that imposes a vision that has to be shared by many."
Facing Fundamentalism
A number of speakers contended that research funding cuts proposed in Congress and religious fundamentalists' inroads into science education are far more serious threats than the internecine academic conflict with postmodernists. Fundamentalists were not represented among the participants at the meeting.
"It's not [the postmodernists'] fault that they're going to be cutting the funds for science, coming with a cleaver at us all," Bogdan Denitch, a City University of New York professor of sociology, told the meeting attendees. "That happens to be people entirely different who don't even know what postmodernism is, nor care about it. That comes from far more powerful forces, ranging from the Christian majority to the good folks who pass laws enforcing creationism as a logical and equal alternative to paleoscience and evolution. Those are the folks, in my opinion, who are at the cutting edge of the assault on rationality and reason in politics."
Some researchers from the disciplines being criticized at the conference found themselves in substantial agreement with the speakers over the role fundamentalists are playing in controlling research funding and educational priorities.
"The things that are endangering science are also endangering the social sciences as well, so that we're all in danger of having National Science Foundation and other funding sources cut back," says Rena Lederman, a professor of anthropology at Princeton and daughter of Nobel-Prize-winning physicist Leon Lederman. "And that's not good for any of us if we're interested in basic research."
Paul Kurtz, a professor, emeritus, of philosophy at the State University of New York, Buffalo, and founder of the Amherst, N.Y.-based Academy of Humanism, drew the meeting participants' attention to a recently released statement from 180 religious leaders opposed to patents on human genes and genetically engineered animals and plants. In published accounts, the reason given by several of the leaders was that humans and animals are creations of God and, as such, should not be patented as inventions.
"It may be that [gene] patenting ought to be overturned," Kurtz said, "but the reasons that are given are what I question."
Opposing Alternative Medicine
Kurtz joined others at the meeting in declaring the rising popularity of alternative medicine as another indication of irrational thought, on a par with the growing number of reported UFO encounters, out-of-body experiences, and relationships with guardian angels. Belief in alternative medicine, however, might have direct human costs, Kurtz warned.
"It's clear that in the area of health there's a major assault on the scientific approach," he stated. "There is a clear and present danger. It's a danger to public health. The National Institutes of Health, for example, has a new section on alternative medicine, which is, perhaps, symptomatic [of this assault]."
While acknowledging that the four-year-old NIH Office of Alternative Medicine (F. Hoke, The Scientist, March 7, 1994, page 1) is likely performing serious, empirical studies of alternative therapies, Paul Gross contends that the money would be better spent on conventional possible treatments: "Most of the claims of miraculous cures from most of the varieties of alternative medicine--not all, but most--are patent nonsense on their face. Studies of placebos are worth doing, but those would be studies of placebos and not a comprehensive, worldwide study of acupuncture, for example, which in my view would be a waste of time." James Gordon is chairman of the Office of Alternative Medicine's advisory council and a clinical professor of psychiatry and community and family medicine at Georgetown University Medical School. Gordon, who did not attend the New York meeting, is also director of the Center for Mind-Body Medicine in Washington, D.C. He uses acupuncture with many of his patients, and declares that there are a number of "very good laboratory science and good clinical studies" in peer- reviewed journals supporting the efficacy of acupuncture. "What I'm struck by," he notes, "is that most of the people who are most vociferous in their attacks don't have a very solid foundation in the area which they're attacking."
Although proponents of alternative medicine were not represented among the speakers, one self-described past-lives psychotherapist rose to challenge the meeting as one-sided at one point and was summarily denounced.
Heated Words
Indeed, some academics from fields that were attacked at the meeting were dismayed at what they felt was a polarizing vehemence on the part of many speakers. Several cited as an example the talk given by Mario Bunge, a professor of philosophy and head of the Foundations and Philosophy of Science Unit at McGill University in Montreal.
"Walk a few steps away from the faculties of science, engineering, and medicine," Bunge suggested. "Walk towards the faculty of arts. Here, you will meet another world, one where falsities and lies are manufactured in industrial quantities. Here, some professors are hired, promoted, or given power for teaching that reason is worthless, empirical evidence unnecessary, objective truth nonexistent, basic science a tool of either capitalists or male domination, and the like. Here, we find people who reject all the knowledge painstakingly acquired over the past 5 million years.
"This fraud has got to be stopped, in the name of intellectual honesty. Let them do whatever they please, but not in schools, because schools are supposed to be places of learning. We should expel these charlatans from the university."
Barry Gross, a professor of philosophy at the City University of New York, made similar assertions: "The sole remedy at our disposal is to quarantine the anti-science brigades and inoculate the rest of the population against them. Scientists will have to devote some of their energy to systematic confrontation with the enemies of science."
Some of the intended targets of such broadsides who attended the meeting say that they see themselves as critics, certainly, but not as the "enemies of science." They suggest that a dialogue between the admittedly different perspectives might be more useful in bridging the gap.
"None of us agrees with everything published in the name of science studies," says Rena Lederman. "There's a lot of internal critique. I don't mean to deny that the academic students of science aren't frequently critical of aspects of science, but I don't take that to be a locus of dangerous anti-science. They're trying to understand how scientists do what they do, how scientists communicate their results, how science ideas are used by laypeople. They are engaged in a detailed analysis of the place of science in American and European culture, an important contribution to knowledge. It's certainly not a sign of some kind of anti-intellectual, purely political, ideological, know-nothing Luddite attack."
"It's a shame, almost a tragedy, that [the meeting speakers'] reaction has taken such an extreme and virulent form, almost hate-mongering, because they do have important things to say," observes Emily Martin.
Several social scientists in the audience complained that, while suffering withering criticism at the hands of several speakers, they were not given a voice at the lectern to respond.
Meeting organizers countered that it was their views that had been excluded from debate in recent years. The burgeoning numbers of postmodern academics who interpret the world as no more than a social construction, they said, have dominated discussion.
"The strong constructivists have been in charge, in control of departments of sociology, anthropology, and, to a very significant extent, history of science nationwide [in the U.S.] and in Western Europe for 15 years," says Paul Gross. "We are the oppressed. We have to find a voice, and so this meeting is our voice."
The following FANTASTIC article ought to be read straight to the end. Brilliant observations and analyses are enunciated throughout.
BRAIN DRAIN The Fall of the American Intelligentsia
By Sam Smith
Intelligentsia: A class of well-educated persons constituting a distinct, recognized, and self-conscious stratum within a nation and claiming or assuming for itself the guiding role of an intellectual, social or political vanguard -- Webster's Third New International Dictionary
Cultural phenomena don't usually sign surrender terms so it's a bit hard to pinpoint when the American intelligentsia collapsed, but the day that 400 historians joined the Clinton defense team will probably do as well as any.
In a statement replete with bad history, lousy law, and childish politics the 400 academics provided intellectual succor to the nation's leading suckee, that felonious fraud in the White House.
Ex cathedra, ex cathedra, ex cathedra onward; into the valley of fin-de-siecle decadence rode the 400. . . It was an act so obsequious in cause and transparent in purpose that only the similarly sycophantic Eleanor Clift could keep a straight face when the matter was discussed on the McLaughlin show.
The ad was the handiwork of Arthur Schlesinger Jr. who has been flailing about for the past few decades seeking a president who will treat him as kindly as did John F. Kennedy.
It was not the first time that Schlesinger has served as prop man for presidential mischief. Back when JFK was getting ready to invade Cuba, the New Republic got wind of the CIA's training of Cuban exiles. Schlesinger was shown an advance copy of the article, which he promptly passed to Kennedy, who in turn asked (successfully) that TNR not print it. The New York Times also withheld a story on the pending invasion, which Schlesinger would later praise as a "patriotic act" although he admitted wondering whether if the "press had behaved irresponsibly, it would not have spared the country a disaster."
Schlesinger was a prototype for that modern phenomenon, the meddlesome Harvard prof seeking manly vigor by helping presidents ravage this country or that -- including sometimes our own. Henry Kissinger and McGeorge Bundy would soon follow. Later, the staff and management of the Harvard Business School would assist at the collapse of the Russian economy even as their colleagues at the Kennedy School were teaching scores of American politicians how to repeal 60 years of social progress.
Of course, gratuitous abuse by the intelligentsia began well before the Bay of Pigs. Compared to those men of the mind involved in the Inquisition, for example, Schlesinger & Co. look pretty respectable. And it certainly hasn't all been Harvard's fault; as LBJ once told an aide, the CIA was filled with boys from Princeton and Yale whose daddies wouldn't let them into the brokerage firm.
The American intelligentsia has repeatedly let the country down. Consider that exemplar for generations of law school students: Oliver Wendell Holmes.
Prospective litigants have all learned Holmes' immortal warning that "the most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theatre and causing a panic." Fewer, I suspect, have also learned that these words were uttered in defense of the contemptible Espionage Act and that Holmes himself was among those upholding Eugene Debs' sentence of ten years in prison for saying such things as "the master class has always declared the wars; the subject class has always fought the battles."
And as early as the turn of the century, Julian Benda noted in the 1920s, there had been a shift among intellectuals from being a "check on the realism of the people to acting as stimulators of political passions. He described these new intellectuals as being most interested in the possession of concrete advantages and material values, while holding up to scorn the pursuit of the spiritual, the non-practical or the disinterested.
Thus there is no argument here that the capitulation of many intellectuals in the matter of Clinton is novel. What is the unique, however, is the absence of its alternative. There is, for example, nothing even remotely close to the sort of intellectual division that occurred during the Vietnam War in which the Kissingers and Bundys were matched by others -- including those the New York Times in 1970 headlined as "1000 'ESTABLISHMENT' LAWYERS JOIN WAR PROTEST."
In The Twentieth Century: A People's History, Howard Zinn describes a response by some of the intelligentsia stunningly at odds with what we are currently observing:
The poet Robert Lowell, invited to a White House function, refused to come. Arthur Miller, also invited, sent a telegram to the White House: "When the guns boom, the arts die." Singer Ertha Kitt was invited to a luncheon on the White House lawn and shocked all those present by speaking out, in the presence of the President's wife, against the war. .... In Hollywood, local artists erected a 60-foot Tower of Protest on Sunset Boulevard. At the National Book Award ceremonies in New York, fifty authors and publishers walked out on a speech by Vice President Humphrey in a display of anger at his role in the war.
These, remember, were protests against a far more liberal, far more Democratic president than we have today -- a man who had already shepherded through Congress the most progressive social changes since the New Deal. Further, the demon waiting in the wings was not a bland George Bush virtually indistinguishable from the incumbent but Richard Nixon.
Those, however, were different days. Now we have Toni Morrison exculpating Clinton because of his "blackness" and Schlesinger exculpating him because Reagan lied as well.
Today, on the flimsiest and most sophistic of grounds, the intelligentsia has lined up behind the slimiest president in American history. It's just lucky we didn't have to rely upon this craven crowd when we were fighting George Wallace, Strom Thurmond, Carmine DeSapio and Richard Daley. They probably would have lectured us all about party unity.
The Kool-Aid Clintonistas
Nowhere is the problem more visible than among the media intelligentsia. As the impeachment hearings neared, the Kool-Aid Clintonista media dropped all pretense of objectivity and instead loyally chugalugged cups of White House spin at their moral Jonestown. Not since the days when hundreds of their colleagues shilled for the CIA have so many media members betrayed their own craft with such mindless loyalty to terminally corrupted power.
The charge was led by upper class outlets. There was Vogue, which gave Hillary Clinton a free make-over just in time for the House hearings. There was NPR, which still considered Linda Tripp's deception of Monica Lewinsky a greater affair of state than Clinton's deception of his wife, daughter, cabinet members, media, law enforcement officials, Congress, and the grand jury. And there was the New Yorker, which saw its primary function as translating the philosophy of James Carville into Larchmont lockjaw.
The techniques were varied. For Vogue, the retouched photo; for NPR a pseudo-literary deconstruction of the Tripp-Lewinsky tapes; for Newsweek, the neatly destructive headline: "An implausibly optimistic Starr grinds on: The Last True Believer." And for the New Yorker, the convenient pocket quote: "Virtually nothing that Starr may say about Whitewater can matter anymore."
The New Yorker was, on average, the worst of the lot. So shameless was its coverage that its letters column became the only place one could expect to find common sense on Washington affairs.
Inside the book, you had Morrison claiming that "the president is being stolen from us" and Jane Smiley virtually applauding the president for demonstrating in his relationship with Monica a "desire to make a connection with another person .... something I trust."
Joe Klein was so reckless in his support of the Washington establishment that he not only savaged independent counsels but even departmental inspectors general. Klein and his colleagues proved not only extraordinarily soft on crime; they seemed almost to consider it a perk of office or at least a personal lifestyle choice not to be trifled with by mere minions of the law.
This deterioration in the mind of the minds was not just a domestic problem either, as witnessed by a multinational manifesto issued by the likes of Gabriel Garcia Marquez, Desmond Tutu, William Styron, Lauren Becall, Jacques Derrida, Sophia Loren, Carlos Fuentes, Vanessa Redgrave and the ever-faithful Arthur Schlesinger Jr.
Nat Hentoff wrote:
You might think they would be calling for an end to the ethnic cleansing Kosovo or for the immediate relief to the hundreds of thousands of black Christians and animists in the south of Sudan. . . No, these stars are engaged in a much more vital crusade. . . They instruct us that 'a statesman is answerable to public opinion or to the law only for his public acts.'
This infantile and disingenuous recomposition of the law was furthered by Renata Adler in Vanity Fair. Vanity Fair had theretofore distinguished itself in these matters by turning down a blockbuster story with the explanation that it wasn't interested in substance.
Adler wrote what was probably the worst major piece about the Clinton scandals, a tower of twaddle based entirely on an uninformed reading of the Starr report which she called "utterly preposterous . . . inaccurate, mindless, biased, disorganized, unprofessional and corrupt." Adler also tossed off incorrect constitutional legal opinions with such aplomb you would never guess she was only a novelist -- that is until you got to strange sentences like "if Ms. Lewinsky had had a constitutional lawyer the case against her would have been thrown out." It's hard to throw out a case when no one has been charged.
Adler drew vast conclusions from tertiary data with the speed of a tenured member of the John Birch Society, complained about the small type of the Starr Report, and found evil lurking in the fact that the Tripp tapes were not listed in proper numerical order.
It must be said in VF's defense, however, that it also ran a contrary piece by Christopher Hitchens. Like Adler, Hitchens was disinclined to enlighten his readers beyond the matter of sex. Still he did score some good points.
For example, concerning those who said, "Let's get on with the agenda," Hitchens wrote, "Excuse me -- what fucking agenda? Clinton hasn't had a press conference, except when hiding behind embarrassed foreign statesmen, since April, hasn't been to anything much but fund-raisers on the domestic front, and on the international scene has sleepwalked through several major crises."
Still in the end, Hitchens -- like Adler and most other commentators -- was so obsessed with the very prurient interest so frequently ascribed to Starr, that he, too, missed the story.
Which is that the Clinton scandals have truly not been about sex. The Lewinsky saga is but a metaphor, a window out of which one can look upon toxic brown fields of crime and corruption. It has come to the fore in no small part precisely because Clinton and his capos were so effective at the very things of which he is accused -- lying and obstruction of justice -- that the prosecutor was repeatedly blocked in his search for the truth.
Starr, to be sure, has fallen down badly. He has turned his back on evidence of massive drug-dealing in Arkansas, taken a high dive in the Foster death, and mangled the prosecution of Webster Hubbell, the matter of the FBI files, and Travelgate. But neither these nor any personal failings of Linda Tripp alter one iota of the tale's true essence.
The Clinton story is actually about the unprecedented criminal corruption of an administration. It is about a mobbed-up president whose close allies have included over two-score individuals and firms convicted of such crimes as drug trafficking, racketeering, extortion, bribery, tax evasion, kickbacks, embezzlement, fraud, conspiracy, fraudulent loans, illegal gifts, illegal campaign contributions, money laundering, perjury, and obstruction of justice. It is about many more members of his political machine who have taken the Fifth or fled the country.
It is about criminals including drug dealers having direct access to the White House.
It is about a criminal, Webster Hubbell, being appointed to the number 3 spot at the Justice Department.
It is about the President's lifelong association with the Dixie Mafia, including members active in the drug trade.
It is about the abuse of 1,000 FBI files.
It is about the false prosecution of a White House official whose only real crime was occupying a position wanted by a friend of Bill.
It is about illegal foreign campaign contributions and possibly related espionage.
It is about the extraordinary number of people around Clinton who have died under mysterious circumstances.
It is about the repeated abuse of women with whom Clinton has had relations, women who have often been multiple victims: first as abused sexual partners and then as terrorized, bribed, or publicly trashed former partners.
It is about campaign contributors paying de facto bribes of $100,000 in order to ride in a taxpayer-funded plane and get government help in swinging private deals.
It is about Bill Clinton saying "I don't recall" or its equivalent 140 times before the grand jury.
It is about a president who has consistently used the power of his office to prevent law enforcement officials from carrying out their duties and, when that hasn't worked, has conducted a propaganda jihad against them and anyone else who dared to challenge him.
It is about a leader who has manifestly failed to faithfully execute the laws of the land and has become America's most corrupt president.
And, finally, it is about a intelligentsia that created the Clinton myth and now, like their icon, refuses to admit its error and the terrible damage it has done.
A few clues
How did the brain of these well-educated Americans become so addled that they could no longer identify simple matters of truth and honor? That they no longer comprehended the meaning of words like bribe or sexual relations or is, yet presumed to lead us in matters of the mind? How did it happen that the best and brightest should find themselves defending the most puerile of vices and most corrupt of crimes with arguments that would shame a defense attorney fresh from the bar exam?
Bearing in mind that there is no good explanation for madness and that we are observing not only a test of constitutional principles but a demonstration of chaos theory, here are a few clues that may help:
In places of power knowledge has become increasingly second-hand. As our elites become better educated, more of what passes for learning is vicarious, e.g. learned from books rather than from experience. As Robert Louis Stevenson said, books are all right in their way but they are a pretty poor substitute for life.
In earlier times the learned either had to retreat to monasteries or else have their abstract knowledge constantly jostled by the daily demands of survival as well as by the philistinism and practical knowledge of the non-literate masses. Consider how different the daily life of a Jefferson or a Frederick Douglass was in comparison with that of a Tina Brown or Henry Louis Gates. In earlier times the privilege of the insular world belonged to a few monks and scholars; today it is just another commodity one can purchase.
In fact, among the most dramatic changes in Washington has been the disappearance of the practical person, the individual -- whether pol, hack or advisor -- who more than compensated for deficiencies in formal learning with a superb understanding of life. It is these individuals who lent some sanity to Washington life when politicians went bad. They were either masters of the pragmatic or of the moral, but in either case served as the gyro compass of national politics.
In their place we find a town overflowing with decadent dandies who, to quote a 19th journalist, have been educated well beyond their intellects. They keep busy creating fictions about the nature of politics and the presidency that coincidentally serve their own ambitions, until they become incapable of returning to reality and helpless before the banal practicalities of such evils as high crimes and misdemeanors.
For many of the elite, the Clinton scandals have forced them to look at real politics for the first time. They have few tools for this. After all, they work with paradigms and perceptions -- not with life.
Above all they have been taught to rely excessively on deductive thinking, in which inferences are drawn from theories rather than from facts; and in which, too often, life's phenomena are misfiled according to musty and presumptuous principles rather than truly understood.
If you think I exaggerate, consider this: while in discussions about a title for my last book, The Great American Political Repair Manual, my editor called with a concern. She said that two of her colleagues had told her that repair sounded too much like work. Of course. I had forgotten that in many parts of Manhattan the idea of repair was alien. When something broke, you just called the super.
The problem with such a dependent culture is not new in America but it doesn't have a particularly happy history. For example, one cause of the failure of early Virginian colonization was that every cavalier brought along a valet who was meant to do all the work. Thus the colony had to feed two people for every one on the job.
While the feeding problem has been largely solved in modern America by turning the cavaliers' valets into restaurant waiters, the liabilities of entitled inutility remain, among them the desiccation of the mind.
The intelligentsia, like everything else, has become corporatized. This can be seen at its worst on campuses and in publishing houses. Journalism and academia have become so subordinated to the needs of their controlling conglomerates that the vital ground between starvation and surrender has become, economically at least, increasingly difficult to hold. The safest route is to cling to symbols while shucking substance, to serve in a House of Lords of the mind, robed and bewigged but naked of power and meaning.
This alteration in the relation of the intellectual to the culture was instinctively grasped by a DC elementary school student the other day as she defined the difference between art and graffiti as "Art is when you have permission to do it." These are days when you not only need permission for art, but also to think. And the place you go for permission is, more likely than not, a corporation.
The blacklisting of skepticism.. For much of my life I have hewed to H. L. Mencken's dictum that the liberation of the human mind has been best furthered by those "who heaved dead cats into sanctuaries and then went roistering down the highways of the world, proving that doubt, after all, was safe -- that the god in the sanctuary was a fraud."
For much of my life this strategy has worked. Even in the gathering gloom of the Reagan-Bush years. But with the arrival of the Clinton administration and its cultural as well as political authoritarianism, skepticism began being blacklisted. Not only was belief to be unopposed by doubt but the terms themselves were banned. In their place was only loyalty or disloyalty. Not unlike the situation a free thinker might have run into in late 17th century Marblehead or mid-20th century Moscow.
To retain doubt was to risk being declared, among other things, a conspiracy theorist. One didn't need either a conspiracy or a theory to earn the title. Just a reasonable interest in facts and what they might mean. Or, perhaps, reasonable questions about the reliability of those serving a president who would defend himself before Congress by lying under oath about his previous lies under oath.
In fact, conspiracies are most often redundant in such a context. Put enough Yale graduates in the same room and you can reasonably predict their consensus on many matters, particularly those of interest to the Council on Foreign Relations or the Washington Post. If you are educated well enough, you'll know what to do when the time comes. No conspiracy is necessary.
Under the rules of the Clinton years, truth belongs to the one with the most microphones clamped to his podium and the most bucks to buy them. In the end it has become a struggle for the control of fact and memory not unlike that described in 1984:
"Who controls the past," ran the Party slogan, "controls the future: who controls the present controls the past." And yet the past, though of its nature alterable, never had been altered. Whatever was true now was true from everlasting to everlasting. It was quite simple. All that was needed was an unending series of victories over your own memory.
In such a time those with wrong memories and wrong facts are considered mad, disparaged, and dropped from the Rolodex. To hold power happily, one must not be curious and one must not question fully accredited paradigms. To think is to fail. Again from 1984:
"From the proletarians nothing is to be feared. Left to themselves, they will continue from generation to generation and from century to century, working, breeding, and dying, not only without any impulse to rebel, but without the power of grasping that the world could be other than it is. What opinions the masses hold, or do not hold, is looked on as a matter of indifference. They can be granted intellectual liberty because they have no intellect. In a Party member, on the other hand, not even the smallest deviation of opinion on the most unimportant subject can be tolerated."
The decline of the struggling intellectual. America has frequently been blessed by the bitter dissatisfaction of those still barred from tasting the fruits of its ideals. It has been the pressure of the dispossessed, rather than the virtue of those in power, that has repeatedly saved this country's soul.
In this century, three such influences have been those of immigrants, blacks, and women. Yet in each case now, social and economic progress has inevitably produced a dilution of passion for justice and change.
Thus we find ourselves with a women's movement much louder in its defense of Bill Clinton than about the plight of its sisters at the bottom of the economic pile. We have conservative black economists decrying the moral debilitation of affirmative action but few rising to the defense of those suffering under the rampant incarceration of young black males. As Angela Davis recently told a group of black newspaper columnists, today some people don't even know what you mean when you speak of "the struggle."
We are also near the end of an succession of Jewish writers and thinkers, raised on the immigrant experience, who created much of the form of progressive 20th century America. Economic progress has calmed the sound of revolution and reform; in its stead we find the conservative Ben Stein speaking at a Jewish anti-abortion conference:
I'll tell you how I knew beyond a shadow of a doubt that the Jewish position in America had changed dramatically. The wife of a very close friend of my father died a few weeks ago and they had the memorial service at the Chevy Chase Club. And there was a cantor with a yarmulke giving the service at the Chevy Chase Club. And I cannot describe to you how astonishing a turn of events this was.
Wow. If Emma Goldman could only see you now.
The point is not to begrudge anyone's social and economic progress. But if you listen carefully to black and feminist leaders today, if you press them as to why they remain so attached to Clinton, you will often hear something quite similar to Stein's view of achievement -- such as "look at all the appointments he's made" -- in fact a Reaganesque trickle-down view of cultural triumph.
Meanwhile, those truly at the bottom -- such as black and white men without a college education or new immigrant groups -- are rarely heard from or about except in reports on crime and poverty.
Outside of rap and rock, the economically disposable young male -- forming no small portion of the nearly three million Americans in prison -- remains a crisis rather than a validated culture. And when was the last time you read about Ethiopian and Salvadoran American life in the New Yorker?
The dirty secret of 20th century social movements is that they have been successful enough to create their own old boy and girl networks, powerful enough to enter the Chevy Chase Club, and indifferent enough to ignore those left behind.
Their elites have joined the Yankee and the Southern aristocrat and the rest of God's frozen people to form the largest, most prosperous, and most narcissistic intelligentsia in our history.
And as the best and brightest drive around town in their Range Rovers, who will speak for those who, in Bill Mauldin's phrase, remain fugitives from the law of averages?
We are building an oligarchy that gets its faces from Benetton but its economics from Dickens. Which is why a new President Clinton could claim his administration would "look like America" and still have the most millionaires ever in a White House cabinet. In a more recent example, a biracial coalition of successful Washingtonians went to the polls to vote for a black man alleged to represent highest ideals of the corporatist state -- it was claimed he was a "good manager." But no one in the major media noted that in the city's poorest and blackest ward, turnout for this "new era" dropped 51% from the previous mayoral election.
The rise of a post-modern adhocracy. Behind the disintegration of interest by the intelligentsia in justice and human decency has been the triumph of the various cross-currents of post-modernism. Clinton is the archetype, the man who -- so it was said in Arkansas -- would turn green if he lay on a pool table. The man who is advised weekly by pollsters on what to say he thinks. The man, who when confronted with the crisis of his life, turned first to a spin doctor to see if he could once more talk his way out of it.
But it goes much deeper than that. Once a culture accepts a value vacuum it delivers itself to an adhocracy based on propaganda and force. Truth becomes the privilege of those who are the best liars and biggest bullies.
Such an adhocracy requires not just Napoleons of the moment, seizing each sound bite and every news slot as though it were another mile of Europe, it also requires the acquiescence of all those who once would have said simply, but with force: no, that is wrong.
Instead we have an intelligentsia that, rather than doing its true work on behalf of human betterment, has become merely the technocracy of a Peronist post-constitutional regime. Instead we have an intelligentsia believing that all facts are malleable, all truths disposable, and, in the end, the only real test is what you can get away with
Long before the rise of deconstructionism, there was a name for such an approach; it was called anarchy. And those who practiced it best were not scholars and philosophers but the leaders of gangs, armies, mobs and dictators
Hence we find the journalist who asked a source the other day, "putting morality aside, what do you think?" We have a president whose disposition was greatly complicated by the fact that no one could figure out any way to shame him. We have talking heads treating the darkest of public affairs as though at just another sports contest. We have a MSNBC lightweight expressing righteous annoyance that the Lewinsky tapes weren't more interesting. And we have member after member of the intelligentsia pimping for Clinton as though it were a sign of solidarity -- wearing sophistry like a crossed ribbon on their lapel.
How long Weimar America can go on like this is anyone's guess. There is enough disgust around to fertilize yet another national transformation. There is also enough despair to prevent it.
I do know that much of this need not have happened if those blessed with the time, intellect, and position to reflect on something other than survival had used their gifts more wisely. Their betrayal of America shares with that of Clinton an egregious failure of stewardship for our times.
One of Camus' characters writes a German friend after the war:
This is what separated us from you; we made demands. You were satisfied to serve the power of your nation and we dreamed of giving ours her truth.
This then is what comprises the high crimes and misdemeanors of America's intelligentsia: it was willing to trade in the truth just to sit a little closer to power.
from TPDL 1999-May-1, from the Washington Post 1999-Apr-25 p.B7, by George Will:
PhD Plenty
Here is an irony to savor.
Once upon a time, Marxists predicted that the inevitable collapse of capitalism would be brought on by (among other "contradictions" in the system) a crisis of overproduction. That is, the steady impoverishment of the masses would mean an insufficiency of customers for what capitalism produced.
Like so many of Marx's predictions, that one is tardy in coming true. (An admirer once said of Leon Trotsky: "Proof of Trotsky's farsightedness is that none of his predictions have come true yet.") However, at long last there is indeed a crisis of overproduction in one little niche of our capitalist culture, and it is the niche where such Marxists as still exist have gone to earth.
It is in higher education. The professoriate is reproducing itself too promiscuously. There is a glut of PhDs.
This is merely the market speaking, and no Marxist worthy of his membership in the Modern Language Association (many members of which teach literature as sublimated class struggle) will willingly bend a knee to market forces. Still, although this crisis will not produce capitalism's final convulsion that ushers in socialist perfection, it is instructive. Markets communicate important information (this is why socialist nations are, strictly speaking, ignorant) and the more-than-saturated academic job market reveals important cultural facts.
The Chronicle of Higher Education, a window on the sometimes strange world of academics, reports that in 1997 universities awarded a record number of PhDs -- for the 12th consecutive year. The number, 42,705, is 10 percent higher than just five years ago and 32 percent higher than a decade ago. "However," the Chronicle says laconically, "the rate of growth in doctorates has slowed, leading some observers to predictions of a downturn within several years."
Within several years. It is nice to know that in today's revved-up world of globalized hypercommerce, where a tap on a computer key can speed vast sums around the world in response to minute changes in conditions, there still is a little lagoon of calm, where market signals, however strong, receive a leisurely response.
For more than merely "several years," there has been a buyers' market for PhDs. That will not be dramatically changed by the current modest spike in tenure-track hiring, which is being produced by two factors: retirements among faculty hired during the higher education boom of the 1960s, and surging revenues and endowments produced by the soaring economy and stock market.
The growth of a reserve army of unemployed PhDs is faster in the humanities than in fields such as engineering because engineers can more easily find attractive jobs in the corporate world. The MLA estimates that fewer than half the 8,000 PhDs hoping to be professors of literature who will be produced between 1996 and 2000 will find tenure-track jobs within a year of acquiring their degrees. And many MLA graduate students become quite cross when urged to consider alternatives to academic employment. Says one militant from the University of Florida, "I didn't go $80,000 in debt to do something else."
Academics are not immune to the spirit of the age, the entitlement mentality. They insist that the overproduction of PhDs is really just an underproduction of jobs to which they are entitled. Part of their problem is that the academy is not immune to the trend elsewhere in the economy toward "temps" -- part-time workers, often called "adjunct professors." At four-year public institutions, 23.7 percent of faculty are part-time; at private institutions, 38 percent.
Some in the anxious proletariat of those earning or possessing PhDs want to elbow aside the proletariat of "temps" -- many of whom have not yet earned PhDs -- by pressuring universities to require full-time professors to teach even elementary writing courses. But some universities are more inclined to offer freshly minted PhDs career counseling that directs them away from academia, to government or business employment.
Many political science PhDs can put their skills to work in the growing world of public policy think tanks. But such options are, to say no more, fewer for the MLA member who has just polished off his dissertation on, say, "Unconscious Homoerotic Motifs in the Poetry of Rudyard Kipling and Lyrics of Mick Jagger." Which is why lots of graduate students are not amused by a campus joke:
The science PhD asks, "Why does it work?" The engineering PhD asks, "How does it work?" The liberal arts PhD asks, "Do you want fries with that?"
The system paradigm, in a nutshell, is the precept that one can effectively control the future by a two step process: (1) analyzing the present into primitive components and their interrelations, and (2) architecting a strategy of selective manipulation, reconstruction, introduction, and abolition, of components and interrelations. Strictly speaking, this methodology is the most effective of any - though if applied unwisely or maliciously, it is also the most destructive and pernicious.
Problems - grave problems - arise in three principal areas: (1) accurate, precise, thorough ascertainment of what the components and the interrelations are, (2) the choice of goal, and (3) the development of an implementation strategy. Total accuracy, precision, and thoroughness of analysis are impossible with any system of more than modest complexity. Societies of humans are, of course, of far more than modest complexity. Systematicians tend to underestimate the complexity of natural systems, and overestimate their capacity to accommodate complexity, both in analysis and in architecture. In particular, based on an undefendable presumption of rigor of analysis, and due to mistaken ascertainment of human nature, they develop architectures that include components and relations of rigor and regimentation, where chaos-tolerant components and relations of suggestion and flexibility are requisite.
Social and economic systematicians, being institutional academics as a rule, often choose and accept goals that are noxious, particularly when the system includes people. And, often through no deliberate intent, the architectures they develop cause disastrous collateral damage, wreaking havoc on human autonomy and conflicting wildly with the prerequisites of individual human fulfillment.
An old cliché is an apt caution for all systematicians and those subject to their machinations: A little knowledge is far more dangerous than none at all.
Bilderberg is where the top conspirators broadly effect implementation of their architecture. It is ground zero for practical conspirator coordination. The conspirator systematicians exhibit all the ills detailed above. In particular, the goal they accept is perpetuation of the existing power structure. This goal is inimical to humanity, and particularly noxious to its brightest and most inventive members. In one of those examples of happenstance that smack of fate, the chief conspirator architect - Henry Kissinger - has the initials HAK.
Using data assembled by Tony Gosling, I have done a simple analysis of attendance at Bilderberg '99 (Hotel Caesar Park Penha Longa, Sintra, Portugal), '98 (Turnberry, Ayrshire, Scotland), '97 (Pine Isle resort, Lake Lanier, near Atlanta, Georgia, USA), '96 (CIBC Leadership Centre, Toronto, Canada), and '95 (Zurich, Switzerland). The nucleus of power obviously is the set of people who attended all of them - these are the people Bilderberg is built around. I separately list people who attended four of the five meetings, and end with a list of curious attendees who aren't regulars. David Rockefeller is notable in his habitual attendance not only of Bilderberg, but of CFR and TLC gatherings, making it obvious that he is indeed the Chairman of the Board of the World. Hidden behind the scenes is the House of Rothschild, which nonetheless does make personal Bilderberg appearances.
My guess is that Sir Evelyn de Rothschild (Chairman, N M Rothschild & Sons - nmrothschild.co.uk) and perhaps some other Rothschilds set the covert agenda for each Bilderberg meeting, and have final say on who will attend in a given year, and David Rockefeller mediates their agenda, though Henry Kissinger may also act as a direct mediator. Carrington likely has much direct involvement in auditing prospective invitees. The Chairman - Peter Carrington, until 2000 when Etienne Davignon assumed the chairmanship - is the one who actually sends the invitations. The Advisory Group, Steering Committee, and Honorary Secretaries-General, nominally recommend attendees, but in practice this is not quite how things work.
Conrad Black brags (or confesses, depending on one's point of view) that "After 1986, I became the co-leader of the Canadian group and effectively chose most of the Canadian participants." Presumably, Agnelli "effectively" chooses the Italian participants, Balsemao the Portuguese, Barnevik the Swedish, Davignon the Belgian, Hoegh the Norwegian, Halberstadt the Dutch, Olechowski the Polish, de Pury the Swiss, Schrempp the German, Seidenfaden the Danish, Sutherland the Irish, Vranitzky the Austrian, Collomb the French, David the Greek, Carvajal Urquijo the Spanish, and Wolfensohn, all those not otherwise included. Selection of US and UK participants is clearly more complicated.
One might assume that those officially designated as "representatives" ("REP" in the below list) would be the ones that choose participants from their respective nations, but this is clearly not the case, considering that Black is not a "representative." Status as a representative is likely indicative of a person tending to organizational and reporting responsibilities specific to his nation. The Steering Committee ("STEERING") consists of four people responsible for more general administrative and organizational responsibilities. The role of the Advisory Committee ("ADVISORY") is unclear to me, but appears to be an ultra-select aristocratic old boy's club.
Tony Gosling has assembled a treasure trove of details on Bilderberg's history and function. This is vital reading.
This is Bilderberg
95-99:
Allaire, Paul A - USA - Chairman, Xerox Corporation
Balsemao, Francisco Pinto - P - REP: PORTUGAL -
Professor of Communication Science, New University, Lisbon; Chairman, IMPRESA, S.G.P.S.; Former Prime Minister.
Barnevik, Percy - S - REP: SWEDEN - Chairman, ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Black, Conrad M. - CDN - Chairman, The Telegraph plc.
Carrington, Peter - GB - STEERING: FORMER CHAIRMAN -
Former Chairman of the Board, Christie's International plc; Former Secretary General, NATO Honorary Secretary General for Europe and Canada
Hoegh, Westye - N - REP: NORWAY -
Chairman of the Board, Leif Hoegh and Co. A.S.A.; Former President, Norwegian Shipowners Association
Holbrooke, Richard C. - USA -
Former Assistant Secretary for European Affairs; Vice Chairman, CS First Boston
Kissinger, Henry A. - USA - REP: USA - Former Secretary of State; Chairman, Kissinger Associates; Inc.
Netherlands, Her Majesty the Queen of the - NL
Olechowski, Andrzej - PL - Chairman, Central Europe Trust, Poland
Pury, David de - CH - REP: SWITZERLAND - Chairman, de Pury Pictet Turrettini and Co. Ltd.
Rockefeller, David - USA - ADVISORY -
Chairman, Chase Manhattan Bank International Advisory Committee
Schrempp, Jurgen E. - D - Chairman of the Board of Management, Daimler-Benz AG.
Seidenfaden, Toger - DK - Editor in Chief, Politiken A/S
Taylor, J. Martin - GB - Group Chief Executive, Barclays plc.
Vranitzky, Franz - A - Former Federal Chancellor
Wolfensohn, James D. - INT - REP: USA/INT -
President, the World Bank; President, James D. Wolfensohn, Inc.
Yost, Casimir A. - USA - REP: USA -
Director, Institute for the Study of Diplomacy, School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, Washington; Executive Director, The Asia Foundation's Center for Asian-Pacific Affairs
96-99:
Collomb, Bertrand - F - Chairman and CEO, Lafarge
David, George A. - GR - Chairman of the Board, Hellenic Bottling Company S.A.
Wolff von Amerongen, Otto - D - ADVISORY - Chairman and CEO of Otto Wolff GmbH
95-98:
Agnelli, Giovanni - I - ADVISORY - Honorary Chairman, Fiat S.p.A.
Davignon, Etienne - B - STEERING: CHAIRMAN, REP: BELGIUM -
Executive Chairman, Societe Generale de Belgique; Former Vice Chairman of the Commission of the European Communities
Levy-Lang, Andre - F - Chairman of the Board of Management, Banque Paribas.
Sutherland, Peter D. - IRL - REP: IRELAND -
Chairman and Managing Director, Goldman Sachs International; Former Director General, GATT and WTO.
Ahtisaari, Martti - 95,96 - FI - President of the Republic of Finland
Oddsson, David - 97 - ICE - Prime Minister.
Chretien, Jean - 96 - CDN - Prime Minister
Harris, Michael - 96 - CDN - Premier of Ontario
Klein, Ralph - 95 - Premier of Alberta
Brittan, Leon - 98 - INT - Vice President of the European Commission
Almunia Amann, Joaquin - 98 - E - Secretary General, Socialist Party
Rothschild, Evelyn de - 98 - GB - Chairman, N M Rothschild and Sons
Rothschild, Emma - 95 - Dir Ctr for History and Economics Cambridge
Soros, George - 96 - USA - President, Soros Fund Management
Lamont, Norman - 95 - MP, Fmr Chan Excq, Director of N.M. Rothschild
Crockett, Andrew - 98 - INT - General Manager, Bank for International Settlements
Victor, Alice - 96 - USA - RRR - Executive Assistant, Rockefeller Financial Services, Inc.
McDonough, William J. - 97,98 - USA - President, Federal Reserve Bank of New York
Feldstein, Martin S. - 96,98 - USA - President and CEO, National Bureau of Economic Research Inc.
Kopper, Hilmar - 95,98 - D - REP: GERMANY - Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Deutsche Bank A.G.
Roll, Lord of Ipsden - none - GB - ADVISORY - President, S. G. Warburg Group plc.
Deutch, John M. - 98 - USA -
Institute Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry. Former Director General, Central Intelligence Agency; Former Deputy Secretary of Defence
Soderberg, Nancy - 95 - Dep Asst to President for NSA
Berger, Samuel R. - 97 - USA - Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs.
Stephanopoulos, George - 96,97 - USA -
Visiting Professor, Columbia University, Former Senior Advisor to the President for Policy and Strategy.
Beugel, Ernst H van der - 97,98 - NL - ADVISORY -
Emeritus Professor of International Relations, Leiden University; Former Honorary Secretary General of Bilderberg Meetings for Europe and Canada
Griffin, Anthony G.S. - 96 - CDN - ADVISORY - Honorary Chairman and Director, Guardian Group
Chubais, Anatoli B. - 98 - RUS - Former First Vice Prime Minister; Chairman RAO EES
Buckley, Jr., William F. - 96 - USA - Editor-at-Large, National Review
Ball, George W. - none - USA - ADVISORY - Former Under-Secretary of State.
Bundy, William P. - none - USA - ADVISORY - Former Editor, Foreign Affairs.
Elliott, Theodore L., Jr. - none - USA - STEERING: SECRETARY GENERAL FOR USA -
Dean Emeritus, The Fletcher School of Law & Diplomacy; Former US Ambassador.
Jankowitsch, Peter - none - A - REP: AUSTRIA - Member of Parliament, Former Foreign Minister.
Lacharrére, Marc Lardreit de - none - F - REP: FRANCE - Chairman, Fimalac.
Carras, Costa - 96,97 - GB - REP: GREECE - Director of Companies
Monti, Mario - 96 - INT - REP: ITALY -
Commissioner, European Communities, Rector and Professor of Economics, Bocconi University, Milan.
Ruggiero, Renato - 96 - INT - REP: ITALY -
Director General, World Trade Organization; Former Minister of Trade
Knight, Andrew - 95,96 - GB - REP: UNITED KINGDOM -
Executive Chairman, News International plc.
Mathias, Charles McC. - none - USA - REP: USA -
Partner, Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue; Former US Senator (Republican, Maryland).
Whitehead, Rozanne C. - none - USA - REP: USA - Former Deputy Secretary of State.
Williams, Lynn R. - none - USA - REP: USA - International President, United Steel- Workers of America.
International power brokers meet to discuss global future World's most secret society to meet in Sintra
The world's most secret society is to meet in Portugal in June. Bilderberg, one of the most secretive organisation in the world, comprising presidents, royal families, ministers, top industrialists and financial leaders are set to meet in Sintra, Portugal at the beginning of June. Francisco Pinto Balsamão, former Portuguese PM, media baron and frequent attendee of the meetings is listed as the member for Portugal. The security for the Bilderberg meetings, which are held at irregular intervals and prompted by the state of world affairs, is the responsibility of the host country. According to sources in Washington, Bilderberg will pay hundreds of thousands of dollars to reimburse the Portuguese government for deploying military forces to guard their privacy and for helicopters to seek out intruders. Bilderberg have ordered the resort to be shut down for a full 48 hours before the conference. The Bilderberg delegates, comprising some of the world's most powerful decision makers, will be here to discuss highly classified issues which are not supposed to be disclosed to the public by the press, before or after the meeting.
Initially alerted to this meeting by a New York reader who requested anonymity, The News contacted the Caesar Park Penha Longa resort in Sintra to verify the information that the secret meeting will be held at their resort. The only confirmation we received was that an organization `wishing for the utmost privacy' would be in Sintra and that the hotel was fully and exclusively booked by this organisation from June 2 to June 7.
The agenda for the meeting is said to include a "globilaztion summit", during which nations which cling tenaciously to their sovereign identities will be denounced by its leadership. The principal feature of Bilderberg is that it seeks one global government, (a structure similar to the European Union), while counteracting nationalist sentiment is supposedly its greatest battle. Renewed calls for the United Nations to be able to directly tax all people of the world is said to be another major topic to be tabled for discussion in Sintra. Bilderberg meetings are only held when and where the hosts can provide the highest levels of security for their guests. All Bilderberg participants, their staff members and resort employees will wear photo identification tags. They will have separate colours to identify the wearer as participant, staff member or employee. A computer chip "fingerprint" will assure the identity of the card's wearer.
According to the Washington based investigative newsletter, Spotlight, who claims to have a contact inside Bilderberg, any intruders are to be manhandled, cuffed and jailed and if the intruders resist arrest or attempt to flee, they will be shot. International and national media are said to be welcome only when an oath of silence has been taken, news editors are held responsible if any of their journalists 'inadvertently' report on what takes place.
Bilderberg members are immune to all forms of bureaucracy that face ordinary citizens on a daily basis. No visas are required and a free and safe passage is provided by the government providing the Bilderberg rendezvous. They travel to and from the airport to the resort in armoured vehicles with a police escort. Meetings are held annually but rarely at the same locations for obvious security reasons. The first Bilderberg conference was held at the Bilderberg Hotel in Osterbeek Holland in May 1954, and the organization is said to have been established as a secret and supportive wing of NATO and the Marshall plan which was launched in the 1940s.
International conspiracy
The News having researched various sources on the Bilderberg meetings, discovered that PSD co-founder, Francisco Pinto Balsemão, allegedly attended at least the previous two Bilderberg meetings held in Scotland (1998) and Georgia in the United States (1997). Balsemão is said to be the only Portuguese representative on the Bilderberg steering committee. Other prominent figures listed to have attended previous meetings are Ricardo Salgado chief executive officer at Banco Espirito Santo, Henry Kissinger, Tony Blair (who attended the meeting held in 1995) and Giovanni Agnelli who is the owner of the Fiat Motor Corporation.
The News is Portugal's largest circulation English language newspaper. Established for over 20 years, it is the only Portuguese newspaper on the net that covers all the major news about Portugal in the English language.
from The News, 1999-May-8:
Bilderburg meeting - wall of silence?
As revealed exclusively in The News last week, the Bilderbergs, reputedly the world's most secret society, are due to meet in Sintra next month. We have received e-mails from all over the world congratulating The News on making this information public. Yet in Portugal, as we closed the paper on Thursday, the press has remained tight lipped about this meeting, in spite of the fact that Portugal's national press agency LUSA decided to distribute The News' report to all the Portuguese media.
A quick search of the internet on the single keyword Bilderberg, will bring up some of the most extraordinary claims regarding the objectives and activities of this powerful group of industrialists, financiers and ex-politicians. It will also reveal many reports of the lengths to which this organisation will go to maintain full secrecy over its meetings. Much of the information could be seen as scurrilous, even far fetched, with claims that these people are part of what is described as the New World Order. An hour or so of research will be enough to find the names of most of the members, details of their past meetings and claims of what has been discussed.
It is not for this newspaper to become part of this speculation, yet it is extraordinary that even in a democracy such as Portugal, the very presence of what can only be described as one of the most prestigious meetings of powerful men and women from around the world, could remain unreported anywhere.
The Bilderberg Papers World exclusive: Leaked minutes from confidential meeting of world's elite...
In the first of a two-part series, Gibby Zobel uncovers how the global power elite decides our future at the shadowy Bilderberg Summit each year. Documents from the secret summit - leaked to The Big Issue - reveal what they said about money and war
For nearly 50 years an elite group of the West's most powerful men and women, a shadow world government, have met in secret. Tony Blair is in the club. Every US president since Ike Eisenhower has been too. So are top members of the British Government. So are the people who control what you watch and read - the media barons. Which is why you may never have heard of Bilderberg.
"Lines of black limousines, unmarked except for a 'B' on the windscreen, swept in, sometimes accompanied by police escorts, sometimes not," says an eyewitness of this year's meeting in Portugal. "A helicopter was overhead, and other security officers were prudently patrolling the hillsides. The policy on duty at the gates made it crystal clear that they were only the tip of the security iceberg."
For two-and-a-half days, relaxing in exclusive luxury amid vast armed security, the powerful leaders discussed past and future wars, a European superstate, a global currency, genetics, and the dismantling of the welfare state. Unaccountable, untroubled and unreported, the Bilderberg meetings have formed the basis of international policy for decades.
Last year freelance journalist Campbell Thomas was arrested just for knocking on doors near the clandestine gathering in Turnberry, Scotland. He remained in custody for eight hours. Other journalists were told that even the Bilderberg menu was confidential (a move they named 'Kippergate'). A serving police officer told 'The Big Issue': "Special Branch and CIA were everywhere - they were calling the shots."
Never in its 47-year history has the content of these discussions been made public. Until now. 'The Big Issue' has uncovered the Bilderberg Papers - the secret minutes of this year's meeting in Portugal. Some of it is banal, some of it sensational. It blows the lid off the thoughts of presidents, chairmen of multinational companies, world bankers, Nato chiefs and defence ministers.
The meetings are shrouded in such secrecy that Prime Minister Tony Blair, when asked last year in the House of Commons, failed to disclosed his own attendance at Bilderberg in Athens in 1993.
So, what have they been hiding?
- Nato gave Russia carte blanche to bomb Chechnya
- 'Dollarisation' could be the the next step after the single European currency
- A senior British politician thinks New Labour is "consolidating the victories of the Right". On welfare cuts he adds: "It might be easier for somebody who claimed to be a socialist to impose change."
- After Kosovo Nato is in danger of mimicking a colonial power
Although 14 media chiefs and journalists from across eight countries attended this year, none of them chose to tell their readers of the meeting. It would not serve their interests to be cut out of the elite loop. With an invite-only guest-list, covert operations and such deafening silence, it is little surprise that conspiracy theories have thrived, from the anti-semites who believe in a Jewish global elite, to the paranoid delusions of the radical left. The effect has been to leave the importance of the meetings tainted by association. It suits the Bilderbergers perfectly.
The Bilderberg meetings began in a Dutch hotel on May 29 1954, from where it gets its name. 'The Economist', in a rare reference to it in 1987, said that the importance of the meetings was overplayed but admitted: "When you have scaled the Bilderberg, you have arrived."
At last year's meeting, former defence minister George Robertson, who is now Nato secretary-general, planned strategies with the Bilderberg chair and ex-Nato chief Lord Carrington.
'Observer' editor-in-chief Will Hutton attended Bilderberg in 1997. He believes that it is the home of the "high priests of globalisation". "No policy is made here," he says, "it is all talk. But the consensus established is the backdrop against which policy is made worldwide."
The 64-page leaked document - The Bilderberg Papers - is dated August 1999. The powerful transatlantic clique at the private hideaway included new Northern Ireland secretary Peter Mandelson MP, environmentalist Jonathon Porritt, Kenneth Clarke MP, former US secretary of state Henry Kissinger, billionaire oil and banking tycoon David Rockefeller, Monsanto chief Robert B Shapiro, and the head of the World Bank, James D Wolfensohn.
Although Asian and African politics and economics were discussed the continents' countries had no seats at this summit. The official eight-strong UK delegation included bankers Martin Taylor, former chief executive of Barclay's and Eric Roll, a banker for Warburgs. They were joined by Martin Wolf of The Financial Times and two journalists from The Economist, John Micklethwait and Adrian Wooldridge, who, the minutes indicate, prepared this document.
The papers are marked 'Not for Quotation'. It states: "There were 111 participants from 24 countries. All participants spoke in their personal capacity, not as representatives of their national governments or employers. As is usual at Bilderberg meetings, in order to permit frank and open discussion, no public reporting of the conference took place."
None of the quotes in each of the 10 sections are directly attributable to any named individual, but the moderator and panellists in each discussion are listed. It is made perfectly clear, however, who is saying what. It is not known who else is in the audience, but their comments are identified by their country and profession.
Over two weeks, we report on the central themes of this year's meeting. This week: money and war. Next week: genetics - what the head of Monsanto and a leading British environmentalist discussed behind closed doors.
what they said about money
Giants of the global banking world, in a debate titled 'Redesigning the International Financial Architecture', discussed the concept of 'dollarisation' which is sure to send euro-sceptics into a frenzy.
Around the table were Kenneth Clarke MP, Martin S Feldstein, president of the National Bureau of Economic Research, Stanley Fisher, deputy managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Ottmar Issing, board member of the European Central Bank and Jean Claude Trichet, governor of the Bank of France.
Bilderberg is understood to have been the birthplace of the single European currency. The deputy director of the IMF opens by remarking: "It is worth noting that this is the first Bilderberg meeting where the euro is fact rather than a topic for discussion."
During the discussion, "One of the panellists was sure that if the euro worked, more regional currencies would emerge. Others raised the question of dollarisation as a possible cure."
There is a dissenting voice:
"The only possible reason for surrendering control of your monetary policy to Washington (where nobody would make decisions on the basis of what mattered in Buenos Aires [or London]) is the fairly rotten financial records of the governments concerned."
what they said about war
Despite Tony Blair's presidential stance over Kosovo, Nato's historic war was pilloried at Bilderberg. "The mood at the meeting was surprisingly subdued most of the speakers concentrated on the downside of the conflict," begins the discussion on Kosovo.
Henry Kissinger, former US secretary of state, weighs in, saying Kosovo "could be this generation's Vietnam". Nato is in danger of replacing the Ottoman and Habsburg Empires in a series of permanent protectorates, he said. Another panellist warned that troops could be there for 25 years. Kissinger felt that this left Nato open to accusations of colonialism. "How did one persuade countries like China, Russia and India that Nato's new mandate was not just a new version of 'the white man's burden' - colonialism?" asked Kissinger.
Charles D Boyd, executive director of the US National Study Group, said Kosovo is now a wasteland, a humanitarian disaster comparable with Cambodia. "Nato used force as a substitute for diplomacy rather than as a support for it it used force in a way that minimised danger to itself but maximised danger to the people it was trying to protect."
An unnamed British politician "wondered whether the [Nato] alliance could hang together after the end of the war. He warned that "there would be little popular enthusiasm for putting lots of resources into solving the region's gigantic problems."
Peter Mandelson told the group that "two roads stretch in front of Nato. One leads to a new division of Europe, where the continent returns to its ethnocentric ways. Under this scenario, the UN is fairly powerless, Russia and China are excluded, and Nato is little more than an enforcer. The second road is a little closer to the nineteenth century Europe, with all the great powers - not just America and the EU, but Russia, China and Japan co-operating."
The following book review, from The Economist 1999-Feb-13, is a useful introductory treatment of the systems paradigm, and particularly its strengths and weaknesses:
The systems approach
By the book
RESCUING PROMETHEUS. By Thomas Hughes. Pantheon Books; 416 pages; $28.50
AT AN American diplomat's home soon after Neil Armstrong had set foot on the moon in 1969, this reviewer teased a fellow guest whose firm had helped design the lunar-landing module: ``So, when the crunch came, Armstrong had to override your faulty computer and land the spacecraft manually.'' The guest was Simon Ramo, a guiding spirit behind the Atlas missile programme, the ``R'' in the aerospace firm TRW and, as a pioneer of systems engineering, one of the heroes of this book. ``Do you seriously believe,'' he replied, ``that we could allow a mere astronaut to override our lunar-landing system?''
His implication was that ``the system'' of hardware, software and communications protocols that managed the spacecraft had been programmed to allow for a very common human anxiety: the last-minute conviction that the machine has got it wrong. Had NASA engineers anticipated this and built in enough ``feedback'' to give the astronauts an illusion of control when they panicked? Shades of the computer HAL in Stanley Kubrick's ``2001''. The truth of Mr Ramo's boast is not the issue. The fact is that already 30 years ago there were large technical systems smart enough to do their assigned tasks while taking care of emergencies, errors and expediencies - even unpredictable ``wetware'' (humans) trying to mess things up.
Big engineering systems existed, to be sure, before systems engineering. The pyramids involved meticulous co-ordination. The cathedral builders of medieval Europe melded technology, utility and artistic skill into a form of religious architecture yet to be surpassed. For its day, Brunel's construction of the Great Western Railway was no less challenging than the Manhattan Project which produced the atom bomb nearly a century later.
By the mid-1950s, however, something had changed. The sheer scale of projects demanded a new approach. With its 18,000 academic researchers plus 70,000 workers spread around more than 200 firms, the Atlas project to build America's first intercontinental ballistic missile did more than change the cold war. It produced a new sort of management that spread through the military and industrial worlds to alter forever how the United States earned its keep.
As teams of engineers and scientists polarised around problems rather than technologies, new cross-disciplinary bodies such as Rand, Mitre, and Ramo-Wooldridge (later TRW) emerged in America to apply theories of queuing, games, decisions, information and control as well as statistics, operations research and linear programming in a wholly integrated way. As American industry inched into the systems era, its prowess evolved, from stamping out gadgets by the million to creating smaller numbers of much pricier and more complex things - airliners, fancy weapons, telecoms satellites, chemical plants, air-traffic controls. These, today, are among America's main exports.
In ``Rescuing Prometheus'', an industrial historian, Thomas Hughes, seeks to give the large technological undertakings of the cold-war era their due. His ode to systems engineering includes a detailed look at three large defence projects and one civilian one. The first, the SAGE (Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) project to build a radar-based air-defence system, is the most instructive - in large part because it was a flop.
As an air-raid defence system, SAGE worked well. Unfortunately, by the time it was deployed in 1958, missiles had replaced bombers as the big threat. But SAGE pioneered a new form of collaboration, in which a university (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) worked with the Pentagon during the design and development stage. Like the troublesome Erie Canal in the early 19th century, SAGE was one of technology's big learning experiences.
As chapters of post-war history, the author's three other examples provide a rare insight into industrial planning on a huge scale. His account of the Atlas missile programme is an eye-opener on how efficient the military-industrial complex really was when seriously competent people were in charge. The description of Arpanet, the forerunner of the Internet that the Pentagon's Advanced Research Projects Agency backed so that university researchers could easily communicate amongst themselves, explains a lot of what the web-surfers nowadays take for granted. The one purely civilian system Mr Hughes considers, Boston's central artery and tunnel-road project, makes much the same point as his other case histories, and with more or less equal force: no matter how much computational power is assembled or data collected, there is no substitute for managerial genius.
If this excellent book has a fault, it is the over-defensive tone that Mr Hughes adopts towards critics of the systems approach. When, in the 1960s and 1970s, this was applied to social problems such as poverty, healthcare and crime, the results were usually disappointing. Systems enthusiasts woefully underestimated the complexity of human behaviour and the great quantities of computing power needed to model it in any meaningful way. Misuse in the Vietnam war did not help. A reaction set in and ``the systems approach'' became a term of abuse. Yet, in its proper place - an industrial or military context with clear lines of command - systems engineering remains to this day the most powerful tool yet devised for problem-solving on a giant scale. As such, it needs no defence.
from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, System Dynamics Group, by Jay W. Forrester, Germeshausen Professor Emeritus and Senior Lecturer, D-4224-4 1991-Apr-29 (download in its entirety, in PDF format with graphics, from ftp://sysdyn.mit.edu/ftp/sdep/papers/D-4224-4.pdf):
System Dynamics and the Lessons of 35 Years
1. INTRODUCTION
The professional field known as system dynamics has been developing for the last 35 years and now has a world-wide and growing membership. System dynamics combines the theory, methods, and philosophy needed to analyze the behavior of systems in not only management, but also in environmental change, politics, economic behavior, medicine, engineering, and other fields. System dynamics provides a common foundation that can be applied wherever we want to understand and influence how things change through time.
The system dynamics process starts from a problem to be solved-a situation that needs to be better understood, or an undesirable behavior that is to be corrected or avoided. The first step is to tap the wealth of information that people possess in their heads. The mental data base is a rich source of information about the parts of a system, about the information available at different points in a system, and about the policies being followed in decision making. The management and social sciences have in the past unduly restricted themselves to measured data and have neglected the far richer and more informative body of information that exists in the knowledge and experience of those in the active, working world.
System dynamics uses concepts drawn from the field of feedback control to organize available information into computer simulation models. A digital computer as a simulator, acting out the roles of the operating people in the real system, reveals the behavioral implications of the system that has been described in the model. The first articles based on this work appeared in the Harvard Business Review (Forrester, 1958). From over three decades in system dynamics modeling have come useful guides for working toward a better understanding of the world around us.
The continued search for better understanding of social and economic systems represents the next great frontier. Frontiers of the past have included creating the written literatures, exploring geographical limits of earth and space, and penetrating mysteries of physical science. Those are no longer frontiers; they have become a part of everyday activity. By contrast, insights into behavior of social systems have not advanced in step with our understanding of the natural world. To quote B. F. Skinner:
"Twenty-five hundred years ago it might have been said that man understood himself as well as any other part of his world... Today he is the thing he understands least. Physics and biology have come a long way, but there has been no comparable development of anything like a science of human behavior... Aristotle could not have understood a page of modern physics or biology, but Socrates and his friends would have little trouble in following most current discussions of human affairs." (Skinner, 1971, p. 3)
The great challenge for the next several decades will be to advance understanding of social systems in the same way that the past century has advanced understanding of the physical world.
2. DESIGNING MANAGERIAL AND SOCIAL SYSTEMS
Everyone speaks of systems: computer systems, air traffic control systems, economic systems, and social systems. But few realize how pervasive are systems, how imbedded in systems we are in everything we do, and how influential are systems in creating most of the puzzling difficulties that confront us.
People deal differently with different kinds of systems. Engineering systems are designed using the most advanced methods of dynamic analysis and computer modeling to anticipate behavior of a system when finally constructed. On the other hand, although political, economic, and managerial systems are far more complex than engineering systems, only intuition and debate have ordinarily been used in building social systems. But, powerful system-design methodologies have evolved over the last 50 years.
In designing an engineering system, say a chemical plant, engineers realize that the dynamic behavior is complicated and that the design can not successfully be based only on rules of thumb and experience. There would be extensive studies of the stability and dynamic behavior of the chemical processes and their control. Computer models would be built to simulate behavior before construction of even a pilot plant. Then, if the plant were of a new type, a small pilot plant would be built to test the processes and their control.
But observe how differently social systems are designed. We change laws, organizational forms, policies, and personnel practices on the basis of impressions and committee meetings, usually without any dynamic analysis adequate to prevent unexpected consequences.
"Designing" social systems or corporations may seem mechanistic or authoritarian. But all governmental laws and regulations, all corporate policies that are established, all computer systems that are installed, and all organization charts that are drawn up constitute partial designs of social systems. Such redesigns are then tested experimentally on the organization as a whole without dynamic modeling of the long-term effects and without first running small-scale pilot experiments. For example, bank deregulation and the wave of corporate mergers in the 1980s constituted major redesigns of our economy with inadequate prior consideration for the results. All systems within which we live have been designed. The shortcomings of those systems result from defective design, just as the shortcomings of a power plant result from inappropriate design.
Consider the contrast between great advances during the last century in understanding technology, and the relative lack of progress in understanding economic and managerial systems. Why such a difference? Why has technology advanced so rapidly while social systems continue to exhibit the same kinds of misbehavior decade after decade? I believe the answer lies in failing to recognize that countries and corporations are indeed systems. There is an unwillingness to accept the idea that families, corporations, and governments belong to the same general class of dynamic structures as do chemical refineries and autopilots for aircraft.
There is a reluctance to accept the idea that physical systems, natural systems, and human systems are fundamentally of the same kind, and that they differ primarily in their degree of complexity. To admit the existence of a social system is to admit that the relationships between its parts have a strong influence over individual human behavior.
The idea of a social system implies sources of behavior beyond that of the individual people within the system. Something about the structure of a system determines what happens beyond just the sum of individual objectives and actions. In other words, the concept of a system implies that people are not entirely free agents but are substantially responsive to their surroundings.
To put the matter even more bluntly, if human systems are indeed systems, it implies that people are at least partly cogs in a social and economic machine, that people play their roles within the totality of the whole system, and that they respond in a significantly predictable way to forces brought to bear on them by other parts of the system. Even though this is contrary to our cherished illusion that people freely make their individual decisions, I suggest that the constraints implied by the existence of systems are true in real life. As an example, we see the dominance of the political system over the individual in the evolution of the Federal budget deficit. Every presidential candidate since 1970 has campaigned with the promise to reduce the federal deficit. But the deficit has on the average doubled every four years. The social forces rather than the president have been controlling the outcome. How to harness those social forces has not been effectively addressed.
[...]
The Club of Rome offers the standard fare - disarmament, population control, fear of unbridled technology, macroeconomic modelling and management, etc. There is much more about the Club of Rome below. But in a fascinating twist, a member of the executive committee - Ilya Prigogine - has written a short paper that is at odds with much of the Club's traditional views - indeed, wonderfully dismissive of a core premise of the entire world government paradigm: the Bilderberger mentality, the Harvard Model, the whole bloody nine yards. Here it is in its entirety (hand-converted from RTF to HTML), from http://www.clubofrome.org/public/prigogi_txt_sat12.rtf:
This quest for total understanding has been the ultimate goal of physics, from Leibniz three centuries ago to contemporary writers such as Steven Weinberg (2).
It is indeed a grandiose project. To quote Leibniz: "In the least of substances, eyes as piercing as those of God could read the whole course of the universe." There would be no distinction between past, present and future; we would share the certainty of God.
We can perhaps take comfort from the fact, recently pointed out by Stephen Toulmin (3), that the religious wars and political instability of the 17th century formed the background for Descartes to formulate his quest for certainty - a certainty that all human beings could share, irrespective of religion. Descartes' programme proved to be immensely successful : it influenced Leibniz's concept of "laws of nature" and found concrete expression in Newton's work which provided the model for physics for over 300 years.
For Einstein, also, science was a way of going beyond the turmoil of everyday existence. He compared scientific activity to the "longing that irresistibly pulls the town-dweller away from his noisy, cramped quarters and toward the silent, high mountains" (4). He, too, considered certainty to be the supreme ideal of science.
The problem with this ideal of certainty is that it is associated with a denial of time and of novelty which leads to feelings of alienation. As Weinberg has said, "The more the universe seems comprehensible, the more it seems pointless." Indeed, the ideas of certainty forces us to give up the notion of events and eliminates the novelty and creativity without which our own lives would be pointless.
The logical consequence is dualism. In Descartes' system, matter follows deterministic laws and is radically separated from intellectual activity.
Certainty is, however, beginning to be challenged - quite rightly, in my opinion. We are witnessing the start of a timely reappraisal of the fundamental laws of physics. In 1986, the then president of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Sir John Lighthill, was moved to apologize collectively for physicists spreading ideas about determinism, based on their forebears' enthusiasm for the achievements of Newtonian mechanics - ideas which had since 1960 been proved false (5). This is a quite unusual confession. Certainty, for three centuries the key symbol of scientific intelligibility, is being put into question.
Lighthill was referring to developments in chaos theory, a topic too complex to explain here. I want only to make a remark based mainly on the recent work of my groups in Austin and Brussels. Chaos changes the formulation of the laws of physics: instead of expressing certainties, they express possibilities. At its beginning "the universe was like a newborn baby who can become a lawyer, an astronaut - but not all at the same time." As W. Thirring has written, "Our formulation of the laws of nature cannot contradict experience ... but they will be far from determining everything. As the universe evolves, the circumstances create new laws." (6)
Some people may feel that giving up the ideal of certainty marks a defeat for human reason, but I do not agree.
Once we replace the deterministic description with one involving probability, we can introduce the arrow of time into our basic equations and start to describe an evolutionary universe, in agreement with the important place of evolution in describing everything from cosmology to human history.
We can now make predictions, going far beyond classical theory, about complex systems such as the stability of our planetary system and our ecosystem.
Once we include time, we begin to understand the variety of the physical world - both the order of living systems and the disorder existing in the universe. The distinction is basically due to the arrow of time: over time, non-equilibrium processes generate complex structures that cannot be achieved in an equilibrium situation. The result is a whole new physics and a new biology of non-equilibrium processes.
Since evolutionary events related to self-organization play an essential role in both living and non-living sytems, science is no longer deterministic. Nor is it reductionist as new properties of matter appear in non-equilibrium processes that cannot be expressed in terms of individual particles.
Even the direction of time itself becomes linked to global properties of ensembles, whether elementary particles, living cells or human populations. For example, societies evolve not because individuals become older, but because the relations between individuals change.
Far from coming to the end of science, as Hawking suggests, in my opinion we are only just beginning to be able to produce a coherent view of the universe. We come from a past of conflicting certainties - be they related to science, ethics or social systems - to a present of questioning. This will mean finding a type of scientific rationality more appropriate to our times.
The future is uncertain, but this uncertainty is at the heart of human creativity. Time becomes "construction" and creativity a way to participate in this construction. As Aurelio Peccei, the founder of the Club of Rome, said, "Inventing the future is the most important and most difficult human invention."
Hopefully, just as in the 17th century, our present turmoil is stimulating scientific developments which will contribute to inventing the future.
Also, visit the Royal Institute for International Affairs, one of the CFR's sister organizations, on their web server at http://www.riia.org or email them at contact@riia.org. The links page maintained by the RIIA is quite extensive.
Visit the Council of the Americas, founded in 1965 "by David Rockefeller and a group of like-minded business people." It claims to be "the leading U.S. business organization dedicated to promoting regional economic integration, open markets, free trade, and investment, and the rule of law throughout the Western Hemisphere." They state that "membership has grown to over 240 firms with interests and investments in Latin America. Member firms include manufacturing, natural resources, technology, communications, banking, financial services, and law firms." The COA appears to have been instrumental in enactment and defense of NAFTA. Email them at Webmaster@CounciloftheAmericas.org.
The conferences and meetings of the Council on Foreign Relations, Council of the Americas, Royal Institute for International Affairs, Institute of Pacific Relations, Trilateral Commission, Gorbachev Foundation, Bill Gates, etc., are not places where major decisions are made or new strategies embraced. These are simply arenas where the agenda of the inner circle is imparted in camouflaged form to representative leaders from the six conspirator categories (industrialists, financiers, ideologues, military, professional specialists (lawyers, medical doctors, etc.), and organized labor). These representatives also provide feedback on the status of their area of responsibility. If you were a fly on the wall at one of these conferences, you would seldom hear anything approaching ``smoking gun'' evidence of the grand design of the inner circle conspirators. Most of the 3000-odd rank and file members of the CFR have no more suspicion of it than do most rank and file members of the public at large. The Bilderberg apparatus is indeed a place where one would hear noticeably more candid treatment of the strategies discussed in this compilation, but is still not by any means truly open. Bilderberg and the other gatherings are all arenas in which psychological warfare is waged on the world's visible elite.
The Council on Foreign Relations and the New World Order By Charles Overbeck (PSCPirhana) Matrix Editor
The Council on Foreign Relations, housed in the Harold Pratt House on East 68th Street in New York City, was founded in 1921. In 1922, it began publishing a journal called Foreign Affairs. According to Foreign Affairs' web page ( http://www.foreignaffairs.org ), the CFR was founded when "...several of the American participants in the Paris Peace Conference decided that it was time for more private American Citizens to become familiar with the increasing international responsibilities and obligations of the United States."
The first question that comes to mind is, who gave these people the authority to decide the responsibilities and obligations of the United States, if that power was not granted to them by the Constitution. Furthermore, the CFR's web page doesn't publicize the fact that it was originally conceived as part of a much larger network of power.
According to the CFR's Handbook of 1936, several leading members of the delegations to the Paris Peace Conference met at the Hotel Majestic in Paris on May 30, 1919, "to discuss setting up an international group which would advise their respective governments on international affairs."
The Handbook goes on to say, "At a meeting on June 5, 1919, the planners decided it would be best to have separate organizations cooperating with each other. Consequently, they organized the Council on Foreign Relations, with headquarters in New York, and a sister organization, the Royal Institute of International Affairs, in London, also known as the Chatham House Study Group, to advise the British Government. A subsidiary organization, the Institute of Pacific Relations, was set up to deal exclusively with Far Eastern Affairs. Other organizations were set up in Paris and Hamburg..."
The 3,000 seats of the CFR quickly filled with members of America's elite. Today, CFR members occupy key positions in government, the mass media, financial institutions, multinational corporations, the military, and the national security apparatus.
Since its inception, the CFR has served as an intermediary between high finance, big oil, corporate elitists and the U.S. government. The executive branch changes hands between Republican and Democratic administrations, but cabinet seats are always held by CFR members. It has been said by political commentators on the left and on the right that if you want to know what U.S. foreign policy will be next year, you should read Foreign Affairs this year.
The CFR's claim that "The Council has no affiliation with the U.S. government" is laughable. The justification for that statement is that funding comes from member dues, subscriptions to its Corporate Program, foundation grants, and so forth. All this really means is that the U.S. government does not exert any control over the CFR via the purse strings.
In reality, CFR members are very tightly affiliated with the U.S. government. Since 1940, every U.S. secretary of state (except for Gov. James Byrnes of South Carolina, the sole exception) has been a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and/or its younger brother, the Trilateral Commission. Also since 1940, every secretary of war and every secretary of defense has been a CFR member. During most of its existence, the Central Intelligence Agency has been headed by CFR members, beginning with CFR founding member Allen Dulles. Virtually every key U.S. national security and foreign policy adviser has been a CFR member for the past seventy years.
Almost all White House cabinet positions are occupied by CFR members. President Clinton, himself a member of the CFR, the Trilateral Commission and the Bilderberg Group, employs almost one hundred CFR members in his administration. Presidents come and go, but the CFR's power--and agenda--always remains.
When it was founded in 1921, the CFR was dominated by J.P. Morgan. Morgan is a Rothschild tentacle. This simply reinforces the obvious, that the CFR is a Rothschild instrument operated by the Rockefellers. The CFR is the immediate progeny of Rhodes' Round Table, which was underwritten by the Rothschilds.
David Rockefeller is the chairman emeritus of the CFR. Rockefeller also founded in 1973, and is honorary chairman of, the Trilateral Commission. In 1979, Barry Goldwater published this treatise on the subject:
Goldwater Sees Elitist Sentiments Threatening Liberties
By U.S. Senator Barry M. Goldwater (1979)
In September 1939, two members of the Council on Foreign Relations visited the State Department to offer the council's services.
They proposed to do research and make recommendations for the department without formal assignment or responsibility, particularly in four areas - security armaments, economic and financial problems, political problems, and territorial problems. The Rockefeller Foundation agreed to finance the operation of this plan.
From that day forward, the Council on Foreign Relations has placed its members in policy-making positions with the State Department and other federal agencies. Every Secretary of State since 1944, with the exception of James F. Byrnes, has been a member of the council.
Almost without exception, its members are united by a congeniality of birth, economic status and educational background. The organization itself began in 1919 in Paris when scholars turned their attention to foreign affairs after the end of World War I. It remains a non-governmental private grouping of specialists in foreign affairs.
A number of writers, disturbed by the influential role that this organization has played in determining foreign policy, have concluded that the council and its members are an active part of the communist conspiracy for world domination.
Their syllogistic argument goes like this: the council has dominated American foreign policy since 1945. All American policy decisions have resulted in losses to the communists. Therefore, all members of the council are communist sympathizers.
Many of the policies advocated by the council have been damaging to the cause of freedom and particularly to the United States. But this is not because the members are communists or communist sympathizers. This explanation of our foreign policy reversals is too pat, too simplistic.
I believe that the Council on Foreign Relations and its ancillary elitist groups are indifferent to communism. They have no ideological anchors. In their pursuit of a New World Order, they are prepared to deal without prejudice with a communist state, a socialist state, a democratic state, a monarchy, an oligarchy - it's all the same to them.
Their goal is to impose a benign stability on the quarreling family of nations through merger and consolidation. They see the elimination of national boundaries, the suppression of racial and ethnic loyalties, as the most expeditious avenue to world peace. They believe economic competition is the root cause of international tension.
Perhaps if the council's vision of the future were realized, it would reduce wars, lessen poverty and bring about a more efficient utilization of the world's resources. To my mind, this would inevitably be accompanied by a loss in personal freedom of choice and re-establishment of the restraints that provoked the American revolution.
When we change presidents, it is understood to mean that the voters are ordering a change in national policy. Since 1945, three different Republicans have occupied the White House for 16 years, and four Democrats have held this most powerful post for 17 years. With the exception of the first seven years of the Eisenhower administration, there has been no appreciable change in foreign or domestic policy direction.
There has been a great turnover in personnel, but no change in policy. Example: during the Nixon years, Henry Kissinger, a council member and Nelson Rockefeller protegé, was in charge of foreign policy. When Jimmy Carter was elected, Kissinger was replaced by Zbigniew Brzezinski, a council member and David Rockefeller protegé.
Starting in the '30s and continuing through World War II, our official attitude toward the Far East reflected the thinking of the Institute of Pacific Relations. Members of the institute were placed in important teaching positions. They dominated the Asian affairs section of the State Department. Their publications were standard reading material for the armed forces, in most American colleges, and were used in 1,300 public school systems.
The Institute of Pacific Relations was behind the decision to cut off aid to Chiang Kai-Shek unless he embraced the Communists, and the Council on Foreign Relations is the parent organization of the Institute of Pacific Relations.
In 1962, Nelson Rockefeller, in a lecture at Harvard University on the interdependence of nations in the modern world, said: "And so the nation-state, standing alone, threatens in many ways to seem as anachronistic as the Greek city-state eventually became in ancient times."
Everything he said was true. We are dependent on other nations for raw materials and for markets. It is necessary to have defense alliances with other nations in order to balance the military power of those who would destroy us.
Where I differ from Rockefeller is in the suggestion that to achieve this new federalism, the United States must submerge its national identity and surrender substantial matters of sovereignty to a new political order.
The implications in Nelson Rockefeller's presentation have become concrete proposals advanced by David Rockefeller's newest international cabal, the Trilateral Commission.
Whereas the Council on Foreign Relations is distinctly national, representation is allocated equally to Western Europe, Japan and the United States. It is intended to act as the vehicle for multinational consolidation of the commercial and banking interests by seizing control of the political government of the United States.
Zbigniew Brzezinski and David Rockefeller screened and selected every individual who was invited to participate in shaping and administering the proposed New World Order.
In the late 1950s, Brzezinski, an accepted member of the inner circle of academics, asserting the need for global strategies, was openly anti-communist. By 1964, he had modified his criticism of communism.
In his prospectus describing the Trilateral commission, David Rockefeller said that he intended to bring the best brains of the world together to bear on the problems of the future.
I find nothing inherently sinister in this original proposal, although the name he gave his new creation strikes me as both grandiose and presumptuous. The accepted definition of a commission is a group nominated by some higher authority to perform a specific function.
The Trilateral organization created by David Rockefeller was a surrogate - its members selected by Rockefeller, its purposes defined by Rockefeller, its funding supplied by Rockefeller.
Whether or not the approximately 200 individuals selected for membership on the commission represent the "best brains" in the world is an arguable proposition.
Examination of the membership roster establishes beyond question that all those invited to join were members of the power elite, enlisted with great skill and singleness of purpose from the banking, commercial, political and communications sectors.
Nor was the governmental community over-looked, Invitations to join were extended to Sen. Walter Mondale, Gov. Jimmy Carter of Georgia, George Ball, Cyrus Vance, Paul Warnke and Reps. Donald Fraser and John Brademas, among others.
In my view, the Trilateral Commission represents a skillful, coordinated effort to seize control and consolidate the four centers of power - political, monetary, intellectual and ecclesiastical.
All this is to be done in the interest of creating a more peaceful, more productive world community. I have no hesitancy about judging its wisdom and the results of its actions.
A report presented at the plenary meeting of the Trilateral Commission in May 1975, at Kyoto, Japan, called for an enlargement of central authority and expressed a lack of confidence in democratically arrived at public decisions.
It also suggested that it would be helpful to impose prior restrictions on the press and to restructure the laws of libel to check the power of the press.
I've suffered as greatly from an abusive press as any man in public life, but I get an itchy, uncomfortable feeling at the base of my spine when someone suggest that government should control the news.
The entire Trilateral Commission approach is strictly economic. No recognition is given to the political condition. Total reliance is placed on materialism. The commission emphasizes the necessity of eliminating artificial barriers to world commerce, tariff, export duties, quota - an objective that I strongly support. What it proposes to substitute is an international economy managed and controlled by international monetary groups.
No attempt has been made to explain why the people of the Western world enjoy economic abundance. Freedom - spiritual, political, economic - is denied any importance in the Trilateral construction of the next century.
The Trilateral Commission even selects and elevates its candidates to positions of political power.
David Rockefeller and Zbigniew Brzezinski found Jimmy Carter to be an ideal candidate, for example. They helped him win the Democratic nomination and the Presidency.
To accomplish their purpose, they mobilized the money power of the Wall Street bankers, the intellectual influence of the academic community - which is subservient to the wealthy of the great tax-free foundations - and the media controllers represented in the membership of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Trilateral Commission.
It was no accident that Brzezinski and Rockefeller invited Carter to join the commission in 1973. But they weren't ready to bet all their chips on Carter.
They made him a founding member of the commission but to keep their options open, they also brought in Walter Mondale and Elliot Richardson, a highly visible Republican member of the Nixon administration, and they looked at other potential nominees.
After his nomination, Carter chose Mondale as his vice president. He chose Brzezinski as his foreign affairs adviser and Cyrus Vance as his secretary of state.
Accepting the Democratic presidential nomination in New York, Carter denounced those "unholy, self-perpetuating alliances that have formed between money and politics."
The outsider, Carter, had been co-opted by the insiders in the power elite.
the following is an abridged version of a speech given by Senator Jesse Helms (on the Senate floor) on 1987-Dec-15, from the Congressional Record 1987-Dec-15 p.S18146 (et seq), from http://users.itsnet.com/~foodnow/jesse.htm:
This campaign against the American people -against traditional American culture and values - is systematic psychological warfare. It is orchestrated by a vast array of interests comprising not only the Eastern establishment but also the radical left. Among this group we find the Department of State, the Department of Commerce, the money center banks and multinational coporations, the media, the educational establishment, the entertainment industry, and the large tax-exempt foundations.
Mr. President, a careful examination of what is happening behind the scenes reveals that all of these interests are working in concert with the masters of the Kremlin in order to create what some refer to as a New World Order. Private organizations such as the Council on Foreign Relations, the Royal Institute of International Affairs, the Trilateral Commission, the Dartmouth Conference, the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies, the Atlantic Institute, and the Bilderberger Group serve to disseminate and to coordinate the plans for this so-called New World Order in powerful business, financial, academic, and official circles. . . .
The psychological campaign that I am describing, as I have said, is the work of groups within the Eastern establishment, that amorphous amalgam of wealth and social connections whose power resides in its control over our financial system and over a large portion of our industrial sector. The principal instrument of this control over the American economy and money is the Federal Reserve System. The policies of the Industrial sectors, primarily the multinational corporations, are influenced by the money center banks through debt financing and through the large blocks of stock controlled by the trust departments of the money center banks.
Anyone familiar with American history, and particularly American economic history, cannot fail to notice the control over the Department of State and the Central Intelligence Agency which Wall Street seems to exercise....
The influence of establishment insiders over our foreign policy has become a fact of life in our time. This pervasive influence runs contrary to the real long-term national security of our Nation. It is an influence which, if unchecked, could ultimately subvert our constitutional order.
The viewpoint of the establishment today is called globalism. Not so long ago, this viewpoint was called the "one-world" view by its critics. The phrase is no longer fashionable among sophisticates; yet, the phrase "one-world" is still apt because nothing has changed in the minds and actions of those promoting policies consistent with its fundamental tenets.
Mr. President, in the globalist point of view, nation-states and national boundaries do not count for anything. Political philosophies and political principles seem to become simply relative. Indeed, even constitutions are irrelevant to the exercise of power. Liberty and tyranny are viewed as neither necessarily good nor evil, and certainly not a component of policy.
In this point of view, the activities of international financial and industrial forces should be oriented to bringing this one-world design - with a convergence of the Soviet and American systems as its centerpiece - into being. . . . All that matters to this club is the maximization of profits resulting from the practice of what can be described as finance capitalism, a system which rests upon the twin pillars of debt and monopoly. This isn't real capitalism. It is the road to economic concentration and to political slavery.
Of course, just as people really can be out to get paranoids, so even a rampantly misguided military establishment can really face some serious threats. This fact raises America's military myopia from absurdity into the realm of justifiable concern.
An open discussion of such threats, however, is virtually impossible. Even the right to talk about such things is a tightly held prerogative of the mandarin class. The Council of Foreign Relations, a cult-like like organization that journalist Richard Hardwood approvingly calls "the nearest thing to a ruling establishment in America," routinely holds meetings at which participants (including guests) are prohibited from speaking about what transpired.
It's not that one would really want to listen to much of it. The men and women who have designated themselves the guardians of America's future policies are among the most boring and unimaginative folk one finds in Washington. Many are like those described by LBJ as having gone to Princeton and ended up in the CIA because their daddies wouldn't let them into the brokerage firm. Still it is not too comforting to realize that in the quiet places of Washington, the first half of the 21st century (as they never tire of calling what the rest of us call the future) is in the hands of the conceptually dyslectic.
And the media is not about to challenge these folk. One good reason may be found in a 1995 membership roster of the Council on Foreign Relations as reported by Public Information Research. Here are just a few of the media CFRers:
Roone Arledge, Sidney Blumenthal, David Brinkley, Tom Brokaw, William F. Buckley Jr., Hodding Carter III, John Chancellor, Arnaud de Borchgave, Joan Didion, Leonard Downie Jr., Elizabeth Drew, Rowland Evans Jr., James Fallows, Leslie Gelb, David Gergen, Katharine Graham, Meg Greenfield, Jim Hoagland, Warren Hoge, David Ignatius, Robert Kaiser, Marvin Kalb, Joe Klein, Morton Kondrake, Charles Krauthammer, Irving Kristol, Jim Lehrer, Anthony Lewis, Michael Lind, Jessica Matthews, Jack Nelson, Walter Pincus, Norman Podhoretz, Dan Rather, Stephen Rosenfeld, A. M. Rosenthal, Diane Sawyer, Hederick Smith, Laurence Tish, Garrick Utley, Katrina vander Heuval, Milton Viorst, Ben Wattenberg, Lally Weymouth, Roger Wilkins, and Mortimer Zuckerman.
Ask any of these people what went on at their last CFR tête-à-tête and you'll probably find their concern for a free press rapidly evaporating. Katherine Graham, for example, once told a CIA gathering: "There are some things the general public does not need to know and shouldn't."
There are substantial implications to all this. If, for example, the CFR puts out a report decrying restraints on the CIA, may we infer that the aforementioned concur? If not, how many have publicly stated their disagreement? How, in fact, can we tell what is going on if foreign policy discussions are handled in the manner of meetings of the Masons, Montana Militia, or Skull & Bones?
CFR control in government actually began in earnest in 1939 by establishing within the U.S. State Department a "Committee on Post-War Problems", the group (staffed and funded by the CFR) which designed the United Nations. (the story of which is contained in State Dept. Publication 2349-"Report To The President On The Results of the San Francisco Conference").
Since WWII, the CFR has filled key positions in virtually every administration since then. Furthermore, since Eisenhower, every man who has won the nomination for either party (except Goldwater in 1964 and Reagan in 1980) has been a member of the CFR:
Democrats
John W. Davis(1924)
Adlai Stevenson (1952,56)
John F. Kennedy (1960)
Hubert Humphrey (1968)
George McGovern (1972)
Jimmy Carter (1976,80)
Walter Mondale (1984)
Michael Dukakis (1988)
Bill Clinton (1992)
Republicans
Herbert Hoover (1928,32)
Wendell Wilkie (1940)
Thomas Dewey (1944,48)
Dwight Eisenhower (1952,56)
Richard Nixon (1960,68,72)
Gerald Ford (1976)
George Bush (1988,92) (who was also a director of the CFR 1977-1979)
The National Security Act of 1947 established the office of Secretary of Defense. Since 1947 there have been 19 Secretaries of Defense. At least nine of them have been Council on Foreign Relations and/or Trilateral Commission members.
According to Department of the Army Pamphlet No. 525-7-1, The Art and Science of Psychological Operations,
"The Secretary of Defense is the principal assistant to the president in all matters relating to Department of Defense, and exercises direction, authority, and control over the department. He serves as a member of the National Security Council. Among the several principal military and civilian advisor and staff assistants to the secretary, his assistant secretary for international security affairs, has major Psychological Operations(PSYOP) related responsibilities."1
President Clinton has appointed three Secretaries of Defense -- William Cohen, William Perry, and Les Aspin. As Under Secretary for International Security Affairs, Lynn Etheridge Davis, has been coordinating Psychological Operations under all three. Davis has been involved with the US intelligence community and a part of every administration from the 70's through the 90's.
Davis, Clinton and Perry are Trilateral Commission members. Davis, Clinton, Cohen, and Aspin all belong to the Council on Foreign Relations. Davis published a book titled "The Cold War Begins - Soviet-American Conflict Over Eastern Europe" (1974). Council on Foreign Relations members Warner Schilling, William Fox, Howard Wriggins, Marshall Shulman, and Henry Graff, are acknowledged in the beginning of her book.
Davis is also a Vice President at Council on Foreign Relations member David Rockefeller's Chase Manhattan bank. Does Davis help plan Psycho-political operations whose focus is economic warfare?
The RAND Institute is a federally-funded Council on Foreign Relations think-tank. Clients, include the Pentagon, the Atomic Energy Commission, and NASA. RAND's Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies, was formerly called RAND/UCLA Center for the Study of Soviet International Behavior. Many RAND studies deal with how to manipulate large groups of people.
The Office of the Secretary of Defense sponsors the RAND National Defense Research Institute, headed by Council on Foreign Relations member Michael D. Rich. Fifty per cent of RAND's work is labeled secret. Despite the secrecy governing its activities, RAND has a prodigious outpouring of books, reports, memoranda, briefings, and communications. Joseph Kraft summed up the propaganda effect of this material, "Though little known, RAND has had an enormous impact on the nations strategic concepts and weapons systems, and in one way or another RAND has affected the life of every American family. " Members of the Council on Foreign Relations play a crucial role in RAND's application of strategies and techniques to purposely keep the American public misinformed.
In July 1992, the RAND convened a group of outside experts and RAND staff to discuss the problems of peacekeeping and peacemaking in the new world environment brought on by the collapse of Soviet power and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Dr. Davis, then RAND's Vice President, Army Research Division, prepared a paper setting issues for the group's discussion. The paper was revised and published as a RAND Summer Institute Report titled Peacekeeping and Peacemaking After the Cold War. In the report the word peace is used in an Orwellian doublethink manner. We are told the Secretary General of the UN "defines peace building as post conflict action... The Secretary General has linked preventive diplomacy with preventive deployments of military forces". We learn, "The Secretary General in his Agenda for Peace... emphasizes the need for governments to share information on Political or military situations, and in so doing, he is asking for an expansion of the intelligence sharing... "2
There were thirteen other participants at the RAND Summer Institute Peacekeeping and Peacemaking After the Cold War workshop.At least six belong to the Council on Foreign Relations including: Professor Robert D. Blackwill, Harvard University, Professor Richard Gardner of Coudert Brothers, Mr. James Hoagland The Washington Post, Ambassador Thomas Pickering NEA/INS Department of State, Dr. Enid Schoettle Council On Foreign Relations and Dr. Charles J. Zwick. At least one of the thirteen is connected to the CIA - Professor Thomas C. Schelling University of Maryland. 3
When World War I broke out in 1914, Elihu Root displayed antagonism to Woodrow Wilson's neutrality and was an avid proponent for promoting America's entry into the war, and uncritically backed Allied proposals that American Troops be integrated into British and French armies. When America entered the war in April of 1917 Wilson rejected the notion of having American troops commanded by foreigners and selected Major General Pershing to command an expeditionary force to Europe. When the Council on Foreign Relations was formally established, Elihu Root became its first Director. 4
Eighty-Five years latter the Council on Foreign Relations is still trying to put American Troops under foreign command. The last sentence of the Council on Foreign Relations RAND Summer Institute Report is,"The most important step would be for government to place "volunteer" military forces under UN command. "5
Should appointed officials who belong to an organization whose members are closely connected with industries that profit from war be making decisions that will send American Troops into battle? Are peacekeeping operations designed to maximize the profit of Council on Foreign Relations controlled, medicine, media, food, banking and energy industries?
Is this the next stage in a plan to maintain the most powerful military establishment in peace time history; the next stage in a plan to establish a new world order; the next stage in a plan for the men in control of that world order to be members of the Council on Foreign Relations, Royal Institute of International Affairs, and their branch organizations in other nations? Why are we readying two military bases to launch US Troops on UN Peacekeeping missions, under the command of non-US military personnel to fight in wars that have not been sanctioned by congress?
A list of US Secretaries of Defense, indicating Council on Foreign Relations membership follows:
appointed Jan. 1997 second term of Clinton Administration, Council on Foreign Relations member Cohen, William S.US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1994-1997 first term of Clinton administration., Trilateral Commission.Member Perry, William J. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1993 first term of Clinton administration, Council on Foreign Relations member Aspin, Les US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1989 (Bush administration)., Council on Foreign Relations member Cheney, Richard B. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1987 (Reagan administration)., Council on Foreign Relations member Carlucci, Frank C. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1981 (Reagan administration)., Council on Foreign Relations member Weinberger, Caspar W. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1977 (Carter administration)., Council on Foreign Relations member Brown, Harold US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1975 (Ford administration)., Rumsfeld, Donald H. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1973 (Nixon administration)., Council on Foreign Relations member Richardson, Elliot L. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1969 (Nixon administration), Laird, Melvin R. US Secretary of Defense .
appointed 1968 (L. B. Johnson administration)., Clifford, Clark M. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1961 (Kennedy administration) and 1963 (L. B.Johnson administration), Council on Foreign Relations member McNamara, Robert S. US Secretary of Defense .
appointed 1959 (Eisenhower administration)., Gates, Thomas S. Jr. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1957 (Eisenhower administration)., McElroy, Neil H. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1953 (Eisenhower administration)., Wilson, Charles E. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1951 (Truman administration)., Lovett, Robert A. US Secretary of Defense
appointed (1950-51) (Truman administration), Marshall, George C. General of the Army and U.S. Army Chief of Staff during World War II (1 September 1939 18 November 1945) and later U.S. Secretary of State (1947-49) and Secretary of Defense (1950-51). The European Recovery Program he proposed in 1947 became known as the Marshall Plan. He received the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1953.
appointed 1949 (Truman administration)., Johnson, Louis A. US Secretary of Defense
appointed 1947 (Truman administration), Forrestal, James V. First US Secretary of Defense
It may re-pay the reader to spend a few minutes tracing the connections of Paul Desmarais and Power Corp. to the leading politicians, etc. of Canada:
JOHN RAE: leading strategist for Prime Minister Chretien's election campaign. Was Executive Vice- President of Power Corp. and Paul Desmarais' right- hand man. His brother is....
BOB RAE: Rhodes Scholar and ex-NDP [Socialist] Premier of Ontario, who appointed....
MAURICE STRONG to the chairmanship of Ontario Hydro, which he proceded to dramatically cut in both skilled human resources and generating capacity [to provide a future need for power from James Bay/Grand Canal?]
PAUL MARTIN: current federal Finance Minister. Rose through the ranks at Power Corp., mentored by Paul Desmarais. Bought Canada Steamship Lines from him. Ran against Chretien for Liberal Party leadership. He attended the 1996 meeting of the Bilderberg Group, where those he mingled with included - surprise! - David Rockefeller.
JEAN CHRETIEN: Prime Minister. Daughter, France, is married to Andre Desmarais, son of Paul Desmarais, chairman of Power Corporation. Chretien's "advisor, counsellor and strategist" for the past 30 years has been MITCHELL SHARP, who brought Chretien into politics when he was Finance Minister. Sharp has been, since 1981, Vice-Chairman for North America of David Rockefeller's TRILATERAL COMMISSION. Chretien attended the 1996 meeting of the Bilderberg Group.
DANIEL JOHNSON: present Liberal [and Opposition] leader in Quebec. Rose through the ranks of Power Corp.
BRIAN MULRONEY: ex-Conservative Prime Minister. Now a lawyer and lobbyist for Power Corporation which, together with Ontario Hydro and Hydro Quebec, has just formed the Hong Kong-based ASIA POWER CORP., to help China to develop its energy potential. Power Corp.'s legal interests in Asia will be handled by a Hong Kong branch of Mulroney's Montreal law firm, Olgilvy, Renault. He is also a well-remunerated member of the board of Archer-Daniels-Midland, a Rockefeller-owned conglomerate, which is headed by Dwayne Andreas who, like Rockefeller himself, is also a member of the elite and secretive Bilderberg Group.
Mike Harris, Premier of Ontario, who headed off for a fishing weekend at a remote Northern camp with George Bush and Paul Martin soon after his election. Harris, like his colleague Ralph Klein, Premier of Alberta, is also a Bilderberger.
Two intriguing recent additions to this list are PRESTON MANNING, leader of the Reform Party of Canada and of Canada's Official Opposition in the Federal Parliament, and STEPHANE DION, Federal Minister for Intergovernmental Affairs [Canada's "Unity Minister"], who, together with RAYMOND A.J. CHRETIEN, Canadian Ambassador to the U.S. [and nephew of Jean Chretien, Prime Minister of Canada], attended the tightly-guarded, super-secret 1998 BILDERBERGER CONFERENCE at the Turnberry Arms Hotel, Ayr, Scotland, where, of course, David Rockefeller was also in attendance. One wonders if the Bilderbergers' planned breakup of Canada, following the projected separation of Quebec via a Unilateral Declaration of Independence in January, 2000, and the planned 2005 Continental Union of the U.S. and the rest of Canada might have been on the agenda...?
So...we have the CONSERVATIVE party [via Mulroney], the LIBERAL party [via Chretien], and the NDP [via Rae] all tightly connected to....Paul Desmarais and Power Corp.
And we have the Prime Minister, the Finance Minister, and the Prime Minister's key aide all tightly connected to....Paul Desmarais and Power Corp.
Mel Hurtig wrote, in THE BETRAYAL OF CANADA:
"Since Brian Mulroney became Prime Minister, Big Business has had effective control of the political and economic agenda, and hence the social and cultural agenda as well. Paul Desmarais provided much of the money for Pierre Trudeau's campaign, Brian Mulroney's campaign, and Jean Chretien's campaign." [p.188]
[We hate to disillusion any of the remaining fans of ex-Prime Minister Trudeau, but Pierre Trudeau was also a Bilderberger]
Maurice Strong has now joined Brian Mulroney and Paul Desmarais in investing the Asia Power Group's $100 million venture capital in "small coal-fired power plants being built in the south of China". They are also looking at "larger projects in northern China, as well as in Malaysia, the Philippines and India." The Asian economies are expected to spend $1 trillion [US] on essential infrastructure, of which an estimated $400 billion [US] will be on power generation. Chinese and Asian labour costs are low - as low, in China, as $45 per month - and potential profits are high.
The Nov/Dec. 1993 issue of David Rockefeller's Council on Foreign Relations' publication FOREIGN RELATIONS contains an article, THE RISE OF CHINA, in which we are warned that China will begin to use more energy than the United States within a few decades, massively straining the world's energy supplies. Most of China's energy comes from the burning of soft, high-sulphur, highly- polluting coal. In 1991 alone, 11 trillion cubic meters of waste gases and sixteen million tons of soot were emitted into the atmosphere over China - and it has only just begun its long process of increased energy generation!
The sulphur in this coal causes acid rain. The burning of the coal releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, the most efficient "greenhouse gas" in the global warming process.
The warmer the climate becomes, the greater the need for fresh water in Mexico and the southern United States - and the more urgent the need for a GRAND Canal project to get it there. An astute businessman could, if he were so inclined, potentially make astronomical profits off both ends of this process!
Oh, and Paul Desmarais?
In September, 1993, he joined David Rockefeller's Trilateral Commission.
He won't feel out-of-place there, though. Other prominent Canadian members include Gerald Bouey [former Governor of the Bank of Canada]; Conrad Black, newspaper magnate and chairman of Argus; John Allen, CEO of Stelco; Raymond Cyr, President of Bell Canada Enterprises; Peter Dobell, of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, in Ottawa; Marie-Jose Druin, Hudson Institute of Canada; Claude Edwards, Public Staff Relations Board in Ottawa; Allan Gottlieb, former Canadian Ambassador to the U.S.; David Henniger, Regional Director of Burns, Fry; Senator Duff Roblin; Ron Sutherland, CEO of ATCO Ltd., William Turner, of Montreal's PCC Industrial Corporation; and J.H. Warren, former Canadian Ambassador to the U.S.
[And, of course, Quebec Premier Jacques Parizeau was also in the habit of frequently briefing meetings of David Rockefeller's Council on Foreign Relations in Washington; and Lucien Bouchard, separatist PQ leader, was brought into politics by Brian Mulroney, whose last act in Ottawa was to host a black-tie dinner for 200 members of Rockefeller's Council of the Americas, who flew up on Rockefeller's private jet to celebrate the successful negotiation of NAFTA - another Rockefeller innovation]
"We shall have world government, whether or not we like it. The question is only whether world government will be achieved by consent or by conquest." -James R. Warburg (CFR)
"We are not going to achieve a new world order without paying for it in blood as well as in words and money." -Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., in "Foreign Affairs," July/August 1995.
"...In short, the 'house of world order' will have to be built from the bottom up rather than from the top down. It will look like a great 'booming, buzzing confusion,' to use William James' famous description of reality, but an end run around national sovereignty, eroding it piece by piece, will accomplish much more than the old-fashioned frontal assault." -Richard N. Gardner, in "Foreign Affairs," April 1974.
"The [Council on Foreign Relations] grew out of the Inquiry, a secretive group of well-educated bankers and lawyers who accompanied Woodrow Wilson to the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. The council saw [as] its mandate the calling of signals from the sidelines.... [T]he [elites] govern, while the lowly men of elective office...dirty their hands with politics... The international institutions conceived in 1945 -- the UN, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund -- were anticipated in studies done at the council." -New York Magazine, Oct. 7, 1996
"The Council on Foreign Relations is the American branch of a society which originated in England in 1919 [and] believes national boundaries should be obliterated and one-world rule established" -Barry Goldwater
"...This regionalization is in keeping with the Tri-Lateral Plan which calls for a gradual convergence of East and West, ultimately leading toward the goal of "one world government.'...National sovereignty is no longer a viable concept..." -Zbigniew Brzezinski, National Security Advisor to President Jimmy Carter.
"Whatever the price of the Chinese Revolution, it has obviously succeeded not only in producing more efficient and dedicated administration, but also in fostering high morale and community of purpose.... The social experiment in China under Chairman Mao's leadership is one of the most important and successful in human history." -David Rockefeller, 1973
Respected author Malachi Martin, who has top-level connections in the Vatican and around the world, has written a number of interesting and revealing books on international politics and the Roman Catholic church and Pontiff. In THE KEYS OF THIS BLOOD, which centres on the life and connections of the present Pope, Martin made this intriguing statement:
"Television commentator Bill Moyers found out during a fifteen-day, globe-spanning trip in the company of David Rockefeller that 'just about a dozen or fifteen individuals made day-to-day decisions that regulated the flow of capital and goods throughout the entire world.'"
He quotes Bill Moyers himself as saying:
"David Rockefeller is the most conspicuous representative today of the ruling class, a multinational fraternity of men who shape the global economy and manage the flow of its capital. Rockefeller was born to it, and he has made the most of it. But what some critics see as a vast international conspiracy, he considers a circumstance of life and just another day's work... In the world of David Rockefeller it's hard to tell where business ends and politics begins."
"But this present window of opportunity, during which a truly peaceful and interdependent world order might be built, will not be open for long. Already there are powerful forces at work that threaten to destroy all of our hopes and efforts to erect an enduring structure of global interdependence." -David Rockefeller, speaking at the Business Council for the United Nations, September 14, 1994.
The following statement by David Rockefeller indicates his understanding of the need for businessmen to be politicians:
"....[I]n recent years, business leaders appear to have devoted themselves to making more and more money, and find themselves with less and less time to devote to civic and social responsibilities and to sinking roots in their communities and showing their loyalty.
The danger, if this current self-serving behavior continues, is that the voice of business will become more muted and the views of business more irrelevant to the important issues of the day. We will find ourselves increasingly marginalized and without the moral authority to demand a hearing from government or the people.
"The profit motive provides the discipline for achievement, but individual goals are formed by the larger society. Our achievements as business leaders only have meaning and value if they embrace and mirror the needs and objectives of the broader society."
from the Associated Press, 1999-Mar-15:
Trilateral Commission reaches out to others
WASHINGTON (AP) - The Trilateral Commission, long an exclusive club of influential citizens from the world's most powerful nations, is reaching out to other countries to help find ways to foster democracy and economic freedom.
While leading figures from nonmember countries like China, Korea, Russia and Ukraine cannot become members of the commission, which meets annually to discuss the future of the world, they sat at the table for this year's meetings in Washington, which ended Monday.
``We have taken steps importantly to extend the range of the discussion ... to people outside the traditional trilateral areas,'' said former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker, leader of the U.S. contingent in one of the world's most prestigious gatherings. The commission, founded 26 years ago by banker David Rockefeller, includes more than 300 mostly private citizens from the United States, Canada, Europe and Japan.
Volcker, at a closing news conference that attracted only a handful of journalists, said three days of discussions that involved about half the council's membership reached no conclusions. Sessions are closed to news coverage, although security is not tight and some media figures belong to the commission.
Membership includes academics and industrial and former political leaders. Current members of national governments are excluded.
``The Trilateral Commission doesn't make any recommendations on anything,'' Volcker said - particularly not on reform of exchange rates or the world financial system, which were among topics briefly discussed at the meeting.
Otto Graf Lambsdorff, European chairman and former German Bundestag member, said China was the focus of much discussion, again with no consensus reached. He said, however, that no one opposed cooperation with China and no one said China should not respect human rights.
Volcker said the participation of representatives from several nonmember countries enhanced the discussions and will continue at future annual sessions, held alternatively in the United States, Japan and Europe.
``You have the opportunity of changing thinking,'' said Volcker, assessing the value of the meetings. ``I would hope that there is some kind of changing in thinking, a convergence of thought, because people are affected by the discussions, but it's not directed deliberately towards a particular end, other than the fostering of democracy and economic development around the world.''
The Japanese commission chairman, Yotaro Kobayashi, head of Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd., said, ``Having more participants from outside ... has only enriched the course of the discussions.''
The Council on Foreign Relations and the Trilateral Commission
Most Americans have never heard of these two organizations. But knowing something about them is essential to understanding what has been going on in America for several decades. So, let us examine, first, the Council on Foreign Relations and then...the Trilateral Commission.
The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR)
The Council on Foreign Relations (7) was incorporated in 1921. It is a private group which is headquartered at the corner of Park Avenue and 68th Street in New York City, in a building given to the organization in 1929.
The CFR's founder, Edward Mandell House, had been the chief adviser of President Woodrow Wilson. House was not only Wilson's most prominent aide, he actually dominated the President. Woodrow Wilson referred to House as "my alter ego" (my other self), and it is totally accurate to say that House, not Wilson, was the most powerful individual in our nation during the Wilson Administration, from 1913 until 1921.
Unfortunately for America, it is also true that Edward Mandell House was a Marxist whose goal was to socialize the United States. In 1912 House wrote the book, Philip Dru: Administrator; In it, he said he was working for "Socialism as dreamed of by Karl Marx." The original edition of the book did not name House as its author, but he made it clear in numerous ways that he indeed was its creator.
In Philip Dru: Administrator, Edward Mandell House laid out a fictionalized plan for the conquest of America. He told of a "conspiracy" (the word is his) which would gain control of both the Democratic and Republican parties, and use them as instruments in the creation of a socialistic world government.
The book called for passage of a graduated income tax and for the establishment of a state-controlled central bank as steps toward the ultimate goal. Both of these proposals are planks in The Communist Manifesto. And both became law in 1913, during the very first year of the House-dominated Wilson Administration.
The House plan called for the United States to give up its sovereignty to the League of Nations at the close of World War I. But when the U.S. Senate refused to ratify America's entry into the League, Edward Mandell House's drive toward world government was slowed down. Disappointed, but not beaten, House and his friends then formed the Council on Foreign Relations, whose purpose right from its inception was to destroy the freedom and independence of the United States and lead our nation into a world government-if not through the League of Nations, then through another world organization that would be started after another world war. The control of that world government, of course, was to be in the hands of House and like-minded individuals.
From its beginning in 1921, the CFR began to attract men of power and influence. In the late 1920s, important financing for the CFR came from the Rockefeller Foundation and the Carnegie Foundation. In 1940, at the invitation of President Roosevelt, members of the CFR gained domination over the State Department, and they have maintained that domination ever since.
By 1944, Edward Mandell House was deceased but his plan for taking control of our nation's major political parties began to be realized. In 1944 and in 1948, the Republican candidate for President, Thomas Dewey, was a CFR member. In later years, the CFR could boast that Republicans Eisenhower and Nixon were members, as were Democrats Stevenson, Kennedy, Humphrey, and McGovern. The American people were told they had a choice when they voted for President. But with precious few exceptions, Presidential candidates for decades have been CFR members.
But the CFR's influence had also spread to other vital areas of American life. Its members have run, or are running, NBC and CBS, the New York Times, the Washington Post, the Des Moines Register, and many other important newspapers. The leaders of Time, Life, Newsweek, Fortune, Business Week, and numerous other publications are CFR members. The organization's members also dominate the academic world, top corporations, the huge tax-exempt foundations, labor unions, the military, and just about every segment of American life.
Let's look at the Council's Annual Report published in 1978. The organization's membership list names 1,878 members, and the list reads like a Who's Who in America. Eleven CFR members are U.S. senators; even more congressmen belong to the organization. Sitting on top of this immensely powerful pyramid, as Chairman of the Board, is David Rockefeller.
As can be seen in that CFR Annual Report, 284 of its members are U.S. government officials. Any organization which can boast that 284 of its members are U.S. government officials should be well-known. Yet most Americans have never even heard of the Council on Foreign Relations.
One reason why this is so is that 171 journalists, correspondents and communications executives are also CFR members, and they don't write about the organization. In fact, CFR members rarely talk about the organization inasmuch as it is an express condition of membership that any disclosure of what goes on at CFR meetings shall be regarded as grounds for termination of membership.
...The CFR publishes a very informative quarterly journal called Foreign Affairs. More often than not, important new shifts in U.S. policy or highly indicative attitudes of political figures have been telegraphed in its pages. When he was preparing to run for the Presidency in 1967, for instance Richard Nixon made himself acceptable to the Insiders of the Establishment with an article in the October 1967 issue of Foreign Affairs. (l4) In it, he called for a new policy of openness toward Red China, a policy which he himself later initiated in 1972.
The April 1974 issue of Foreign Affairs carried a very explicit recommendation for carrying out the world-government scheme of CFR founder Edward Mandell House. Authored by State Department veteran and Columbia University Professor Richard N. Gardner (himself a CFR member), "The Hard Road to World Order" admits that a single leap into world government via an organization like the United Nations is unrealistic. (15)
Instead, Gardner urged the continued piecemeal delivery of our nation's sovereignty to a variety of international organizations He called for an end run around national sovereignty, eroding it piece by piece." That means an end to our nation's sovereignty.
And he named as organizations to accomplish his goal the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the Law of the Sea Conference, the World Food Conference, the World Population Conference, disarmament programs, and a United Nations military force. This approach, Gardner said, "can produce some remarkable concessions of sovereignty that could not be achieved on an across-the-board basis."
Richard Gardner's preference for destroying the freedom and independence of the United States in favor of the CFR's goal of world government thoroughly dominates top circles in our nation today. The men who would scrap our nation's Constitution are praised as "progressives" and "far-sighted thinkers." The only question that remains among these powerful Insiders is which method to use to carry out their treasonous plan.
The Trilateral Commission
Unfortunately, the Council on Foreign Relations is not the only group proposing an end to the sovereignty of the United States. In 1973, another organization which now thoroughly dominates the Carter Administration first saw the light of day. Also based in New York City, this one is called the Trilateral Commission.
The Trilateral Commission's roots stem from the book Between Two Ages (16) written by Zbigniew Brzezinski in 1970. The following quotations from that book show how closely Brzezinski's thinking parallels that of CFR founder Edward Mandell House.
On page 72, Brzezinski writes: "Marxism is simultaneously a victory of the external, active man over the inner, passive man and a victory of reason over belief."
On page 83, he states: "Marxism, disseminated on the popular level in the form of Communism, represented a major advance in man's ability to conceptualize his relationship to his world."
And on page 123, we find: "Marxism supplied the best available insight into contemporary reality."
Nowhere does Mr. Brzezinski tell his readers that the Marxism "in the form of Communism," which he praises, has been responsible for the murder of approximately 100 million human beings in the Twentieth Century, has brought about the enslavement of over a billion more, and has caused want, privation and despair for all but the few criminals who run the communist-dominated nations.
On page 198, after discussing America's shortcomings, Brzezinski writes: "America is undergoing a new revolution" which "unmasks its obsolescence." We disagree; America is not becoming obsolete.
On page 260, he proposes "Deliberate management of the American future...with the...planner as the key social legislator and manipulator." The central planning he wants for our country is a cardinal underpinning of communism and the opposite of the way things are done in a free country.
On page 296, Mr. Brzezinski suggests piecemeal "Movement toward a larger community of the developed nations...through a variety of indirect ties and already developing limitations on national sovereignty." Here, we have the same proposal that has been offered by Richard Gardner in the CFR publication Foreign Affairs.
Brzezinski then calls for the forging of community links among the United States, Western Europe, and Japan; and the extension of these links to more advanced communist countries. Finally, on page 308 of his 309-page hook, he lets us know that what he really wants is "the goal of world government".
A Meeting of Minds
Zbigniew Brzezinski's Between Two Ages was published in 1970 while he was a professor in New York City. What happened, quite simply, is that David Rockefeller read the book. And, in 1973, Mr. Rockefeller launched the new Trilateral Commission whose purposes include linking North America, Western Europe, and Japan "in their economic relations, their political and defense relations, their relations with developing countries, and their relations with communist countries." (l7)
The original literature of the Trilateral Commission also states, exactly as Brzezinski's book had proposed, that the more advanced communist states could become partners in the alliance leading to world government. In short, David Rockefeller implemented Brzezinski's proposal. The only change was the addition of Canada, so that the Trilateral Commission presently includes members from North America, Western Europe, and Japan, not just the United States, Western Europe, and Japan.
Then, David Rockefeller hired Zbigniew Brzezinski away from Columbia University and appointed him to be the Director of the Trilateral Commission.
...As with the CFR, we do not believe that every member of the Trilateral Commission is fully committed to the destruction of the United States. Some of these men actually believe that the world would be a better place if the United States would give up its independence in the interests of world government. Others go along for the ride, a ride which means a ticket to fame, comfortable living, and constant flattery. Some, of course, really do run things and really do want to scrap our nation's independence.
What It All Means
...The Council on Foreign Relations was conceived by a Marxist, Edward Mandell House, for the purpose of creating a one-world government by destroying the freedom and independence of all nations, especially including our own. Its Chairman of the Board is David Rockefeller. And its members have immense control over our government and much of American life.
The Trilateral Commission was conceived by Zbigniew Brzezinski, who praises Marxism, who thinks the United States is becoming obsolete, and who also wants to create a one-world government. Its founder and driving force is also David Rockefeller. And it, too, exercises extraordinary control over the government of the United States.
The effect of the Council on Foreign Relations and the Trilateral Commission on the affairs of our nation is easy to see. Our own government no longer acts in its own interest; we no longer win any wars we fight; and we constantly tie ourselves to international agreements, pacts and conventions.
To many in C-SPAN's television audience, the October 11th broadcast of the Council on Foreign Relation's colloquium on terrorism may have seemed to provide a timely and informed focus on one of the most pressing security concerns of our day. However, for those familiar with the CFR's globalist agenda and its long history of supporting and legitimizing terrorist regimes and organizations (not to mention sanitizing individual terrorist leaders), the conference was about as believable as a professional wrestling match.
The analogy is especially apropos when considering "main events" such as the Council's C-SPAN confab entitled "Combating Terrorism: What Works? What Doesn't?" To a foreigner or a visitor from another planet who has never seen a professional wrestling match before, the bizarre behemoths in the ring with their bulging musculature and raging rodomontades are impressive indeed - on first sight. It doesn't take a cerebral titan, though, to soon realize that this is all show, and that Hulk Hogan, Jake the Snake, the Undertaker, and the rest of the mastodons of the All-Star Wrestling steroid menagerie, take their falls and their wins according to script. After witnessing a few dozen such rigged spectacles, even the most mentally challenged of fans knows he is watching a farce.
Foreign Relations Charade
The CFR's terrorism palaver was just such a farce. Broadcast from Washington DC's Grand Hyatt Hotel, the program featured a lineup of participants calculated to awe the uninitiated. Adorned with impressive resumés boasting service in high government posts and other key centers of power, these were obvious heavyweight contenders. And while they did engage (albeit sedately) in occasional verbal sparring amongst themselves, it was clear to the discerning that their intellectual muscle flexing was aimed primarily at convincing the American public that this "diverse" representation of the Council's expertise was united in a determination to help formulate and implement measures that are tough on terrorists and yet still compatible with liberty.
Kicking off this ostentatious affair was Council on Foreign Relations president Leslie Gelb, who is as improbable a champion of national security as we are likely to find. Those who remember the Vietnam War may also recall Mr. Gelb's role in the publication of the top-secret Pentagon Papers, one of the most far-reaching security breaches in U.S. history. That treachery took place while Gelb served as a "whiz kid" in the Defense Department under Robert S. McNamara (CFR). Implicated with Gelb in this infamous leak were Daniel Ellsberg, Morton Halperin, Paul Warnke, and Richard J. Barnet, CFR members all. They were (and are) all ultra left-wing extremists, openly associated with the Institute for Policy Studies (IPS), the notorious Marxist think tank with long-established connections to the Soviet KGB and Cuban DGI.
CFR members Cora Weiss and Richard Barnet were among the many IPS officials who made the Jane Fonda-Tom Hayden pilgrimage to Hanoi and assisted the North Vietnamese Communist government. It was IPS director Richard Barnet who delivered the Pentagon Papers to the CFR-dominated New York Times and Washington Post. And it was thanks to the collusion of Chief Judge Henry J. Friendly (CFR) and Judge David Bazelon (IPS), presiding respectively over the appeals of the Times and the Post, that the federal injunction against printing the sensitive documents - including secret codes - was lifted.
This CFR/IPS symbiosis continues to the present and has been especially noteworthy for its destructive impact on U.S. intelligence and national security, and for the tremendous assistance it has provided to the terrorist organizations whose work the CFR supposedly opposes. Mr. Gelb, whose sterling vita includes stints at the Brookings Institution, the Carnegie Endowment, and the New York Times, once asserted that the radically subversive IPS is "one of three preeminent centers for foreign policy perspectives." Presumably, one of the other two "preeminent centers" is the CFR, which described itself in literature for the program as "a nonprofit, nonpartisan membership organization, dedicated to improving the understanding of U.S. foreign policy and international affairs through the exchange of ideas."
Such modesty. Washington Post ombudsman Richard Harwood has more accurately described the CFR as "the nearest thing we have to a ruling establishment in the United States." Sociologist C. Wright Mills referred to its membership as "the American power elite." The late Admiral Chester Ward, who was himself a CFR member for 16 years before becoming a staunch critic of the organization, charged that the CFR's leaders were a bunch of "one-world global-government ideologists" committed to "promoting disarmament and submergence of U.S. sovereignty and independence into an all-powerful one-world government." Certainly none can deny that the Council's more than 3,000 members hold unparalleled influence over the executive branch of the federal government (starting at the White House with CFR member Bill Clinton), the national media, and much of the corporate, financial, and philanthropic worlds. Knowledgeable observers of American power politics understand full well that it is the Harold Pratt House (CFR headquarters in New York), not the White House, which is the center of U.S. political power.
Gelb's accession to the CFR presidency helps to illustrate the reach and workings of the Council's power network. Gelb replaced Peter Tarnoff as the top executive at Pratt House, while Tarnoff took the job as assistant to Secretary of State Warren Christopher (former CFR vice chairman).
Panel of "Experts"
At the October 11th CFR exhibition at DC's Grand Hyatt, after a brief introduction on the need "to cope with the problem of terrorism with bluster, ideology, and politics aside," Gelb turned the show over to Dave McCurdy (CFR), chairman of the Council's Policy Impact Panel on Terrorism. A seven-term, ultra-liberal congressman from Oklahoma, McCurdy was defeated in his 1994 run for the U.S. Senate by conservative Representative James Inhofe. Joining McCurdy on the panel were Kenneth L. Adelman (CFR), former director of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, and Nadine Strossen (CFR), national president of the American Civil Liberties Union and professor of law at the New York Law School.
The five "expert witnesses" speaking before the CFR panel were: Brian Jenkins, former Rand Corp. associate and deputy chairman of Kroll Associates (a CFR corporate member); L. Paul Bremer III (CFR), former Ambassador-at-Large for Counter Terrorism and managing director of Kissinger Associates; Shibley Telhami (CFR), associate professor of government and director of Near Eastern Studies at Cornell University; Wolfgang H. Reinicke, senior research staff member at the liberal-left Brookings Institution; and Jamie S. Gorelick, U.S. Deputy Attorney General.
Considering the CFR sponsorship of the symposium and the overwhelming representation of the Council's membership among the formal participants, it was certain that the "consensus" of the esteemed experts would reflect the official CFR line. A central theme of that orchestrated consensus which forms the substrate of all conceptual thinking and policy decision-making with regard to foreign policy and national security is the tiresome - and utterly false - refrain that "Communism is dead." Repeated references were made to the "collapse of the Soviet Union" and "the end of the bipolar structure of the international system."
CFR policy elites in government, academe, industry, and the media have been the primary apostles responsible for the near total acceptance of this false gospel today. Take, for example, Dave McCurdy's article "The Evolving U.S. Policy Toward Ukraine," published in the Winter-Spring 1994 issue of SAIS Review, journal of the School of Advanced International Studies at John Hopkins University. According to McCurdy, the people of Ukraine have "severed their bonds to the former USSR and embarked on a risky journey toward self-determination and freedom for the first time in generations. The steward of this new ship of state is Ukrainian President Leonid Kravchuk.... Kravchuk is an ardent Ukrainian nationalist, dedicated to the survival of his country, but he has proved himself a moderate as well."
McCurdy's assertions are completely absurd and a puerile parroting of Soviet strategic deception. The false "independence" of Ukraine and the other "independent republics" is as patently fraudulent as Kravchuk's "nationalism." Kravchuk - like his successor, Kuchma - is a lifelong communist who participated for decades in the totalitarian subjugation of his people and is today playing the role of "moderate" while maintaining an iron grip on the Soviet police state system which is, in reality, still very much a part of the "collapsed USSR." Comrades Yeltsin and Kravchuk are more than willing to allow McCurdy and his CFR associates to devise plans to send them billions of American taxpayer dollars in aid to promote "reform" and "stability." Having Americans pay for our own destruction even as we celebrate "winning the Cold War" is the ultimate in sweet irony for the Soviet strategists. And the CFR elites are leading us headlong in a mad rush toward that destruction.
An essential part of that strategic deception involves the continued covert Soviet sponsorship of terrorism worldwide. During the 1960s and '70s, as international terrorism spread its global carnage, the CFR "wise men" challenged the charges that the Soviet Union, acting through its surrogates in Eastern Europe, Cuba, Syria, Iraq, and Libya, was behind the havoc. When the evidence became overwhelming, the CFR "conservatives" acknowledged the Soviet hand in the global terrorist scourge while the CFR "liberals" remained in denial.
Readers may recall that it was Warren Christopher's (CFR) "diplomacy" under President Carter that brought about the overthrow of two of America's strongest allies, the Shah of Iran and President Somoza of Nicaragua, and the installation of the terrorist regimes under Ayatollah Khomeini and the Sandanistas, respectively, in those countries.
During the Reagan years, Secretary of State George Shultz (CFR) made moves to recognize Yasir Arafat and even sent ships to rescue Arafat and his Soviet-supplied Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) henchmen when they were trapped in Lebanon and facing annihilation by Israel and rival groups. Arafat's closest friend and the PLO's intelligence chief, Hani el-Hassan, was for many years an agent for Nicolai Ceausescu's DIE, which operated under direction of the Soviet KGB. Under the close supervision of Soviet agents Alexander Soldatov and Vladimir Buljakov, Arafat's PLO became the Kremlin's premier terrorist organization against the Free World.
But using the same phony "break with the past" deception strategy employed to sell Gorbachev, Yeltsin, Kravchuk, et al to a gullible West, Arafat has joined the ranks of "former" terrorists who have been anointed as national leaders by the CFR ruling elites. Like Nelson Mandela and Jean Bertrand Aristide, he has ridden the terrorist road to power and has received the same royal treatment from the Pratt House cabal.
Good Cop, Bad Cop
Current mythology has it that "pragmatic," "moderate" Arafat is beset by the radical Hamas, over which he has no control. In reality, as Christopher Story has aptly noted in his newsletter Soviet Analyst, "Hamas (and its subdivisions) is and always has been an integral component of the umbrella organization known as the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), which reports directly to Moscow." Additional support for that view came last year when Hamas official Mousa Abu Marzook and his wife were arrested in New York at JFK Airport. Marzook's address book contained the private telephone numbers of Yasir Arafat, George Habash, and other Marxist terrorists with whom this "fundamentalist" is supposedly in deadly conflict. Earlier this year, Arafat put on a show of searching for Hamas military chief Mohammed Dief. Arafat's man assigned to head the unsuccessful "search," Colonel Mohammed Dahlan, a childhood friend of Dief, was seen sipping coffee with the "fugitive" terrorist supervisor.
Arafat and his Moscow handlers are employing the classic "good cop, bad cop" tactic. That became all the more obvious on January 9th of this year when Boris Yeltsin elevated top Soviet intelligence chief Yevgeny Primakov to the post of Foreign Minister. As one of the KGB's top Arabists, Primakov has long been associated with the terrorist regimes of Iraq and Syria and was Moscow's primary paymaster to Arafat's PLO and Habash's PFLP. These facts, of course, are censored in the delusional drivelings of the CFR media cartel, where Primakov is presented as one of Russia's "progressives." Thus, when Boris Yeltsin held Arafat's hand high in the air at the "anti-terrorism" summit at Sharm El Sheik on March 13th this year and proclaimed that they were joining the leaders from 27 other countries in a pledge "to work together against terrorism," the prostitute CFR press greeted the obvious lie with euphoric huzzahs.
Every mention of the sacrosanct "Middle East Peace Process" at the CFR confab also required a ritual genuflection from all concerned. And why not? The whole process has been a CFR creation. The chief "negotiator" (read: arm twister) for the affair has been (who else) Secretary of State Warren Christopher. Heading up Christopher's Mideast negotiating team are: Assistant Secretary of State for Near East Affairs Edward Djerejian, Special Middle East Coordinator Dennis Ross, and Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Near East Affairs Dan Kurtzer, all members of the CFR. These and other State Department participants have been regulars at CFR meetings over the past two years, where members receive privy information on the secret negotiations.
This relationship between the official and private policy elites at the CFR was taken to new highs (or lows) when the Council, together with the World Economic Forum, sponsored the first-ever Middle East-North Africa (MENA) Economic Summit at Casablanca, Morocco in October 1994. The glorious soiree at the Royal Palace of King Hassan II constituted a veritable "Who's Who" of global political and business elites, and was used to further sanctify Arafat and to set in motion plans for a Common Market for the Middle East. Of course, U.S. tax dollars and U.S. troops and armaments will guarantee this venture.
Subsidizing Saddam
During the Presidency of George Bush (CFR), Saddam Hussein, everyone's favorite terrorist scapegoat, was the secret recipient of incredible military aid from the United States. Investigations by the House Banking Committee and various journalists have amply documented an amazing trail of treachery and treasonous actions by Bush and his one-world retinue before, during, and after the Persian Gulf War. This sordid affair has been comprehensively exposed in two books: Spider's Web: The Secret History of How the White House Illegally Armed Iraq, by Alan Friedman of the Financial Times of London (1994, Bantam); and Shell Game, by Peter Mantius (1995, St. Martin's Press). The evidence is clear that the U.S. assisted Iraq in obtaining cluster bombs, technology for nuclear enrichment, U.S.-designed munitions, missile technology, some $5 billion in loan guarantees, and much more, in spite of Saddam's open hatred of the U.S. and his wanton use of poison gas against his own civilian population. When the shooting started in Operation Desert Storm, President Bush's CFR coterie had us bedding down with Assad of Syria, Saddam's rival for the title of "Maximum Terrorist Leader." That has carried over into the present Administration, naturally, with President Clinton and Secretary of State Warren Christopher going to fantastic lengths to coddle Assad, who still hosts an unimaginable menagerie of terrorist groups.
Soviet Legal Aid
All participants in the CFR's Policy Impact Panel were in agreement that "better intelligence" is essential to effectively cope with the terrorist threat. This, of course, is laughable in view of the enormous destructive campaign waged by top CFR members and the communist subversives they have promoted, supported, and protected against America's internal security organs and our legitimate intelligence interests.
The inclusion of the ACLU's Nadine Strossen as one of the CFR panel's three members is itself evidence of the Council's transparent hypocrisy. The Communist Party itself could not come close to accomplishing for the Kremlin what the closet Reds in the ACLU and their dupes have achieved. Since its inception in the early years of this century, the ACLU has led the revolutionary vanguard in attacking all police and intelligence agencies and providing assistance to communists, anarchists, terrorists, and subversives of every stripe, virtually without exception. Besides longtime executive director and founder Roger Baldwin, other Communist Party members of the organization's original executive board included William Z. Foster, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, and Louis Budenz.
Although the ACLU has attempted to portray itself as a mainstream champion of constitutional rights, it remains one of the most radical and subversive organizations in America today. Together with the Institute for Policy Studies and the National Lawyers Guild, the ACLU has spun an immense web of anti-police and anti-intelligence organizations which have worked closely with assets of the Soviet KGB and other communist intelligence agencies to foment revolution and render America blind to the forces which plot her destruction.
The Halperin Record
The CFR has had more than its share of Soviet spies and communist agents. Alger Hiss, Viginius Coe, Noel Field, Nathan Silvermaster, Victor Perlo, Harry Dexter White, and Soloman Adler are but a few of the notorious CFR Reds who have done real harm to our nation. More recently the Council has been able to boast among its membership such militant Marxists as Morton Halperin, Cora Weiss, Richard Barnet, and Daniel Ellsberg. The efforts of prominent Council members in the 1993 campaign to install the radical Halperin as President Clinton's Assistant Secretary of Defense established another benchmark in the CFR's subversion tally.
As an ACLU staff member and chairman of the Campaign to Stop Government Spying, Halperin worked closely with Frank Wilkinson, Frank Donner, and other militant Communist Party members to undermine American security. Halperin helped raise funds for the Socialist Workers Party's (SWP) lawsuits against the FBI and other law enforcement agencies. The SWP is a Trotskyite terrorist organization of the Communist Fourth International. When CIA traitor and self-professed communist Phillip Agee needed a lawyer, Comrade Mort flew to England to represent him. Those are but a few highlights from Halperin's "distinguished" career which commended him for one of the most sensitive security offices in the Clinton Administration. At least that is what CFR Vice President Alton Frye apparently thought. Frye and CFR members Jeremy Stone and Arnold Kanter sent out a letter to their one-world brethren in defense of Halperin's beleaguered nomination. Halperin is now a "senior fellow" on the staff of the CFR.
Phony Concern
Striking the pose of guardian of the Constitution - a familiar guise of ACLU radicals - Nadine Strossen proclaimed to the panel and C-SPAN audience that her "central concern here is that whatever steps we take to combat terrorism do not compromise our fundamental rights." That must have been reassuring to many who have been watching with mounting concern over the past year and a half as the President and Congress have utilized every real and alleged terrorist threat as an excuse to centralize more police powers in Washington.
But the ACLU has been cloaking its Bolshevism under a banner of patriotism since its very inception. It was Roger Baldwin himself who advised Louis Lochner of the communist People's Council in a letter back in August 1917:
Do steer away from making it [the People's Council] look like a Socialist enterprise. Too many people have already gotten the idea that it is nine-tenths a Socialist movement....
We want also to look like patriots in everything we do. We want to get a lot of good flags, talk a good deal about the Constitution and what our forefathers wanted to make of this country, and to show that we are the folks that really stand for the spirit of our institutions.
This same revered ACLU icon later said, "I am for socialism, disarmament, and, ultimately, for abolishing the state itself.... I seek the social ownership of property, the abolition of the propertied class, and the sole control of those who produce wealth. Communism is the goal." Comrade Baldwin's successors at the ACLU helm have never been as candid, but they have always shown unmistakably by their actions that their goal is the same.
The ACLU and its IPS network, with the protective cover it has received from the CFR-led media and the funding it has received from the CFR-dominated tax-exempt foundations, have for decades been carrying out a relentless attack on America's ability to defend itself against terrorism. This same collectivist cabal has been simultaneously "transforming" the world's most infamous terrorists and their even more nefarious sponsors into paragons of blissful harmony and peace. Such fiendish alchemy cannot continue forever. Unless this dangerous diabolism is exposed - and soon - America is certain to reap a terrorist whirlwind of apocalyptic proportions.
- William F. Jasper
The Clinton Administration's Terrorism Connections
On October 11th, U.S. Deputy Attorney General Jamie S. Gorelick appeared before the Council on Foreign Relations' Policy Impact Panel on Terrorism to outline the Clinton Administration's record on combating terrorism. According to Ms. Gorelick, the Clinton terrorism policy involves these three core elements:
To do "everything we can to deter and to prevent terrorist acts."
To "respond quickly, decisively, and with a full range of law enforcement and other options that are available."
To "work with our friends around the world to interdict terrorists and to assure that they do not go unpunished."
As with President Clinton's September 24th warning to drug traffickers and terrorists that "you have no place to run, you have no place to hide," Gorelick's election-year boilerplate is not likely to strike mortal fear into the hearts of terrorists anywhere. Likewise, Clinton's September speech to the United Nations declaring "zero tolerance for aggression, terrorism, and lawless behavior" must have set new highs on global laugh meters. Let us consider the real Clinton record on terrorism and national security.
Administration Appointments
While the problem of security risks occupying sensitive government positions is not unique to this Administration, President Clinton has set a record for recruiting hardcore radicals from Marxist outfits such as the terrorist-friendly Institute for Policy Studies. Undoubtedly the full extent of this scandal will prove to be far worse than the already frightening facts of which we are aware. Most of the subversive iceberg remains hidden because Mr. Clinton has not conducted the required security checks on many of his appointees. Among the most visibly dangerous of the Clinton appointments are:
Warren Christopher (CFR). According to this Secretary of State, "rogue states" such as Libya, Iraq, and Iran are beyond the pale. But terror regimes such as Russia, China, Syria, South Africa, Angola, Vietnam, Georgia, Armenia, North Korea, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, etc., are worthy of lavish largesse under the rubric of "engagement."
Anthony Lake (CFR). A longtime associate of the IPS, Lake was involved with Gelb, Halperin, Warnke, and Ellsberg in the Pentagon Papers leak. He also worked at the IPS' Center for International Policy with Orlando Letelier, the Chilean communist and Cuban DGI agent - just the sort of pedigree one might expect for Mr. Clinton's Assistant for National Security Affairs.
Strobe Talbott (CFR). One of Bill Clinton's Oxford roommates and fellow pilgrims to Russia, Talbott translated Khrushchev's memoirs into a glowing English hagiography for Time magazine in 1970 - with roommate Clinton's help. That first exercise in Soviet propaganda no doubt served well in preparing them both for their present roles. In a July 20, 1992 Time essay entitled "The Birth of the Global Nation," Talbott wrote that the time is quickly approaching in which "nationhood as we know it will be obsolete; all states will recognize a single, global authority. A phrase briefly fashionable in the mid-20th-century - 'citizen of the world' - will have assumed real meaning...."
Derek Shearer. Shearer is a founder of the radical Campaign for Economic Democracy and one of the IPS network's leading apostles for the subversive theories of Italian Communist Party strategist Antonio Gramsci. One of his major claims to fame was the popularization of "economic democracy" as a replacement term for the "s" word: socialism. Such creative subtlety first earned Shearer a slot as economic adviser to the Clinton campaign and then an ambassadorship to Denmark, where he is undoubtedly happy as a clam living next to Mother Russia.
Robert Borosage. An IPS director who traveled to Nicaragua and praised the Sandinista communists, Borosage also was co-director with Morton Halperin of the IPS' Center for National Security Studies in its subversive attacks on police, the FBI, the CIA, and congressional investigative bodies. Admitting that the IPS intended to "move the Democratic Party's debate internally to the left by creating an invisible presence in the party," Borosage became a foreign policy adviser to Jesse Jackson and then senior policy adviser to Mr. Clinton.
Globalist Advance
With assistance and counsel from CFR elites in key White House positions, the Clinton Administration has openly embraced and helped legitimize some of the most blatant terrorist nations and groups, including:
Syria. This totalitarian dictatorship has been for many years one of the most dangerous villains on the U.S. State Department's list of nations engaged in state sponsored terrorism. Damascus is a veritable Terrorists-R-Us bazaar, providing permanent residence to dozens of murderous groups with thousands of fanatic assassins. Fronting for the Soviets, Hafez Assad and his Al-Kassar crime network made Syria the premier narcotics trader in the Middle East. Damascus also possesses a major chemical and biological weapons arsenal, which Washington conveniently overlooks, even though it makes a point of nailing less favored regimes on the same issue. No matter, the Clinton Administration insists that Assad must be part of the phony "peace process" and has shamelessly courted Damascus with over 30 excursions by Warren Christopher to this ruthless, two-bit narco-terrorist prison-state.
Iran. While continuing the illegal UN arms embargo against Bosnia, the Administration gave its tacit approval to Iran's secret arms shipments to Sarajevo, thus guaranteeing that Teheran's virulent, anti-U.S. influence would infect Bosnia's Muslims. At the same time, it has done nothing to stop Russia and China from providing Iran with nuclear reactors. Nor has it attempted to halt Beijing's delivery of poison gas facilities, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles to Iran, or stop "ally" Syria from collaborating with North Korea on new missile development.
Northern Ireland. President Clinton has repeatedly welcomed the Irish Republican Army's Sinn Fein leader Gerry Adams to the U.S. and to the White House, even as the IRA has stepped up its terror bombings and riots in Ireland and England. Britain's MI5 and MI6 and other Western intelligence agencies have been tracking the travels of IRA terrorists to Iran and Libya for years and the smuggling back to Britain and Ireland of drugs, arms, and explosives by IRA operatives. In November 1993, IRA bosses flew to a secret Teheran summit featuring terrorist leaders from all over the world which was a springboard for a new global offensive. While Adams did not attend that convocation, he has been to Teheran as an honored guest of Iran's terror regime.
Russia. Despite the fact that the Soviet KGB and GRU have been for decades the premiere trainers and supporters of terrorist organizations worldwide, the Clinton coterie and its media allies perpetuate the fatal fantasy that Moscow has gone out of the terror business. In recent months, Russian Foreign Minister and KGB veteran Yevgeny Primakov has been making the rounds of the pariah states, cementing old ties he developed decades ago as the Kremlin's Mideast terrorist paymaster. Mr. Clinton has romanced and endorsed Yeltsin in spite of revelations that members of his government armed and trained the Aum Shinrikyo cult for its deadly sarin gas attack on the Tokyo subway
By all means, for irrefutable documentation of US military involvement in terrorism, visit School of the Americas Watch. An excerpt, from a September 20, 1996 article:
US Defense Department says teaching manuals violated US policy
On September 20, the U.S. Defense Department admitted that manuals used to train soldiers at the US Army School of the Americas at Fort Benning, Georgia, included practices that were outlawed in the 1980s. According to the Pentagon, the manuals suggested that informants could be controlled with fear, beatings, truth serum, and death threats.
One manual, entitled "Handling of Sources" stated that "The counterintelligence agent must offer presents and compensation for information leading to the arrest, capture or death of guerrillas." Another manual, entitled "Terrorism and the Urban Guerrilla" suggested using extortion in interrogations and that counterintelligence agents' duties should include specifying "targets for neutralizing."
[...]
November 19, 1997:
Maximum Sentences for Three SOA Protesters
Columbus, GA, Nov. 19 - Three members of a funeral procession that marched onto Fort Benning, home of the notorious School of the Americas, were sentenced today to six months in prison or "unlawful reentry," a misdemeanor. They appeared before US Magistrate William L. Slaughter in US District Court in Columbus, Georgia, this morning. The three were among 601 arrested on Sunday, November 16 for participating in the commemoration of the November 16, 1989, killing of six Jesuit priests, their housekeeper, and her daughter, in El Salvador. Nineteen of the 26 perpetrators of the massacre were graduates of the School of the Americas. The protesters were attempting to deliver hundreds of thousand of signatures calling for the closure of the SOA.
For more than 50 years, the SOA, located on the US Army base just outside of Columbus, Georgia, has been training Latin American soldiers. Critics maintain that the SOA trains these soldiers in the arts of torture, assassination, and subversion. Numerous SOA graduates have been implicated in assassinations and massacres in their home countries.
The three sentenced today - Carol Richardson, Director of SOA Watch in Washington, DC; Anne Herman, a grandmother and advocate for the poor in Binghamton, NY; and Richard Streb, a World War II combat veteran and retired professor of history and education from Roanoke, VA - were also sentenced to pay fines of $3,000 each.
The three appeared in court today with 25 others who were arrested on the same charge. The other 25 chose to appear before a federal judge at a later date.
Much of the world sat glued before their television screens, eyes and ears transfixed by the drama unfolding in a Los Angeles courtroom. The closing arguments by Johnnie Cochran and Chris Darden in the O.J. Simpson trial held millions in thrall.
Meanwhile, up the coast in San Francisco, an event of another sort (and of arguably much greater consequence) was getting under way with considerably less attention: "The State of the World Forum," a planetary confabulation sponsored by the Gorbachev Foundation. Held atop the city's famed Nob Hill at the luxurious Fairmont Hotel, the forum brought together a glittering constellation of global notables representing the epitome of worldly power, prestige, fame, wealth, and influence: presidents, princes, potentates, philanthropists, poets, philosophers, and poohbahs.
Who's Who
The weighty seriousness and ambitious reach of the conference indicated by the title of the event -- "Toward a New Civilization: Launching a Global Initiative" -- were underscored by the list of attendees, a veritable Who's Who of Wall Street, the Trilateral Commission, the World Economic Forum, the Aspen Institute, the Council on Foreign Relations, the Club of Rome, the Bilderbergers, the Politburo, the Commission on Global Governance, the World Future Society, and other Insider bastions of power.
Among the 400-plus eminent personages from 50 countries who flocked to the five-day affair (September 27th-October 1st) were former Secretaries of State James Baker and George Shultz (both co-chairs of the forum), former President George Bush, former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, President Askar Akaev of Kyrgystan, former President Oscar Arias of Costa Rica, Prime Minister Tansu Ciller of Turkey, Czech Republic President Vaclav Havel, former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney, and South African Vice President Thabo Mbeki.
Additional participants included: Worldwatch President Lester Brown; New Age gurus Fritjof Capra, Jeremy Rifkin, Willis Harman, Deepak Chopra, Robert Muller, and Matthew Fox; Marxist poetess Rigoberta Menchu; Earth Council president and billionaire eco-warrior Maurice Strong; Microsoft wizard Bill Gates; media mogul Rupert Murdoch; futurists Alvin Toffler and John Naisbitt; Senator George Mitchell; Archer Daniels Midland CEO Dwayne Andreas; computer tycoon David Packard; Esalen founder Michael Murphy; motivation superstar Tony Robbins; Men's Wearhouse CEO George Zimmer; chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall -- not to mention Zbigniew Brzezinski, Carl Sagan, John Denver, Shirley MacLaine, Dennis Weaver, Ted Turner, Jane Fonda, Theodore Hesburgh, Timothy Wirth, Max Kampleman, Milton Friedman, Randall Forsberg, Saul Mendlovitz, and Alan Cranston.
Overseeing the entirety of this summit of the anointed was, of course, Mikhail Gorbachev himself. The purpose of the convocation, he proclaimed, was to "launch a multi-year process, culminating in the year 2000, to articulate the fundamental [world] priorities, values, and actions necessary to constructively shape our common future." And who better to kick off an ostentatious extravaganza of that sort than global media titan and former "Humanist of the Year" Ted Turner. Identifying himself as a "great student of history" and a longtime friend of Gorbachev, Turner praised the "ex-Communist"and former dictator for ending the Cold War, which he acclaimed as "the greatest accomplishment in the history of humanity." "Now, with the Cold War behind us," said Ted, "this forum's job is to help chart the way for humanity."
Global Brain Trust
Gorbachev let it be known that he was not one to shirk from that solemn task. Wasting no time, he opened his remarks with this magnanimous proposal: "From the outset I would like to suggest that we consider the establishment of a global Brain Trust to focus on the present and future of our civilization." This is important, he said, "because the main reason why we are lagging behind events, why we are mostly improvising and vacillating in the face of new developments, is that we are lagging behind in the thinking and rethinking of this new world. Of course, this idea of a Brain Trust can only succeed if endorsed and actively pursued by people who are widely respected as world leaders and global citizens." Respected world leaders and global citizens like -- well, like those assembled at that very same august colloquium on Nob Hill: selfless billionaires, statesmen, academic double-domes, Nobel laureates, and spiritual mahatmas in the service of humanity and planetary survival. This is a theme Gorbachev has been playing in concert with similar motifs in which he has called for "non-governmental commissions of 'wise men'" and "Councils of Elders" to solve the world's intractable problems.
No one bothered to ask how he would reconcile the obvious contradictions inherent in his "Brain Trust" proposal and the forum's other throbbing themes of "democratization," "pluralism," and "egalitarianism." During the course of the marathon palaver, Gorbachev and other conference participants regularly attacked present political, economic, and social structures as "elitist," "anti-democratic," and "exclusionary," but were conspicuously vague on how their proposed "Brain Trust" would surmount those problems. Obvious questions went begging: Who would appoint this group? What would be its powers? How would it be funded? What would be the selection criteria? To whom would it be accountable? How would the "diversity" of the group be guaranteed?
The very term "Brain Trust" reeks of elitism, social engineering, and manipulation by a cabal of experts of supposed cerebral superiority. It is an epithet of opprobrium to all lovers of liberty who are aware of the monstrous abuses initiated by the socialist planners of FDR's New Deal "Brain Trust": Raymond Moley, Rexford Guy Tugwell, Lindsey Rogers, James W. Angell, Adolf Berle, Hugh Johnson, Charles Taussig, George Peek, and others. A global "Brain Trust" by the intellectual and spiritual heirs of these statists would mean a prescription for global tyranny.
But drastic measures are needed, says Gorby. The traditional political structures "no longer respond to the needs of an interdependent world. The political culture that we inherited from the past stands in the way of efforts to unite mankind's resources in the face of global challenges."
Mere transformation of political structures, however, is far from adequate. "We are in dire need of redefining the parameters of our society's economic, social, political, and spiritual development," the Soviet seer told his worshipful votaries. "Indeed, we have to reinvent the paradigm of our existence, to build a new civilization." It was a rehearkening to other familiar themes Gorbachev has sung: "developing a global consciousness," "embracing the task of spiritual renewal," launching "the next phase of human development." An awesome undertaking, to be sure. Fortunately for us, he is graciously willing to enlighten and minister to our darkened souls as well as our sick body politic. How does he propose to do this? Comrade Gorbachev proposes to "set up a kind of United Nations Council of Elders."
It was in this "Elder" capacity that Gorbachev offered the next part of his lecture. "Civilization will shift and new values and new ways of life will be needed to find real solutions to the problems of our environment, a way out of the ecological crisis," the sage of Moscow told his San Francisco gathering. Then came the punch line: "Gradually we will have to achieve a change of emphasis in the archetypal dilemma: to have or to be; to change the nature of consumption." "Perhaps it is a little risky in this country to speak about that," he beamed to a titter of audience chuckles. "We have to change the nature of consumption. And I have much to say about that here."
Compassion Con
He certainly did have much to say on the topic, as did many of the other participants during the course of the forum. What was most amazing was that no one gagged or guffawed at the brazen effrontery and hypocrisy of the sainted one's sermonizing on conspicuous consumption while his rapt audience feasted on a sumptuous array of epicurean comestibles fit for royalty: smoked trout salad, filet of beef in shashlik marinade, and a dessert of panna cotta with autumn fruit. This gourmet creation was the work of celebrity chef Joyce Goldstein, and her tantalizing production was but the first of many offerings by famed masters of gourmand haute cuisine such as Wolfgang Puck, Julian Serrano, Joachim Splichal, and David Ribbons.
But the richness of the contradiction was no doubt lost on the pious frauds who paid $5,000 to attend this prestigious soiree. They have grown inured to their own fakery; from palatial palavers in Rio, to Cairo, Paris, Copenhagen, Geneva, etc. -- they have become accustomed to the lavish amenities in which they luxuriate, while feigning selfless pathos for the world's poor and excoriating "hedonistic consumption" by the "middle classes" of Western industrialized societies.
"World Citizen" Ted Turner represents the acme of this compassion con. According to some analysts, the recently announced sale of his Turner Broadcasting System to Time Warner could net him $2.6 billion, a tidy little sum to add to his already bulging billions. After the forum, he and wife Jane could fly off in their private jet, perhaps to their 40,000-acre bison barony in Montana, or to one of their many other humble domiciles to plan still more crusades to save the planet from the destructive consumption of the world's troublesome riffraff.
Getting to the crux of the matter, Gorbachev pontificated: "We have to, I believe, gear consumption more to people's cultural and spiritual needs. Also, through culture and education and within the framework of laws we shall have to address the problem of controlling the world's population." And control, of course, as always, is the key word and concept here. Control. Power.
Sound like familiar drumbeats for global government? Oh no, says Gorby: "We should not hope that the solution can come from some global center, a kind of world government. What we need is common ground rules accepted by the world community and observed by everyone and for that we need the international mechanisms and the international law that is required." Meaning simply that the "visionary" Russian is glibly proficient in the Aesopian word games employed by the globalists to put off troublesome "isolationists" who rightfully suspect this subversive flummery.
How else to square Gorbachev's denial with his "Churchill" speech of May 6, 1992 in Fulton, Missouri, wherein he explicitly called for "global government" under the United Nations? Or to square it with the obvious intent of global governmental power implicit in his repeated calls for "international mechanisms," "international law," and "global controls"?
Call for Global Government
The New York Times reported on September 17, 1987 that Mikhail Gorbachev had "called for giving the United Nations expanded authority to regulate military conflicts, economic relations, environmental protection and ... also called for enhancing the power of the afflicted International Court of Justice to decide international disputes." These appeals for further empowering the UN were amplified in the Global Security Programme report published last year by the Global Security Project of his Gorbachev Foundation.
Chairman of the board of advisers of the Gorbachev Foundation is past Senator Alan Cranston, a past national president of the United World Federalists. In 1949 Cranston pushed through the California legislature a resolution memorializing Congress to call a national convention to amend the U.S. Constitution to "expedite and insure the participation of the United States in a federal world government." However, in a 1976 interview he advised fellow one- worlders against mentioning world government since "the more talk about world government the less chance of achieving it, because it frightens people who would accept the concept of world law." Gorbachev, obviously, has heeded the advice of this "elder statesman."
Some of the globalists slip up, however. Recent statements by James Garrison, co-founder and president of the Gorbachev Foundation/USA, for instance, must have caused Mr. Cranston to wince. "Over the next 20 to 30 years, we are going to end up with world government," Garrison said in an interview in the May 31-June 6, 1995 issue of SF Weekly, a liberal-left San Francisco newspaper. "It's inevitable." Garrison continued: "What's happening right now as you break down the Cold War, what is emerging now is ethnic identities. You are going to see more Yugoslavias, more Somalias, more Rwandas, more [Timothy] McVeighs and more nerve-gas attacks. But in and through this turbulence is the recognition that we have to empower the United Nations and that we have to govern and regulate human interaction...." (Emphasis added.)
But Gorbachev's dissembling over world government/world law should not surprise. Like his treacherous use of "democracy," "pluralism," "diversity," "interdependence," "perestroika," "glasnost," and other globalist shibboleths, it is in full comportment with the Communist program of dialectical deception. Consider his conveniently flexible position on "Communism." One speaker after another at the San Francisco forum praised the venerable aparatchik (and former General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union) for putting an end to Soviet Communism. Gorby himself denounced the evils of "totalitarian ideology."
"Convinced Communist"
But this is the same Gorbachev who, a few short years ago (November 1987) proclaimed: "In October 1917, we parted with the Old World, rejecting it once and for all. We are moving toward a new world, the world of Communism. We shall never turn off that road." (Emphasis added.) "Perestroika," he said then, " is a continuation of the October Revolution."
In 1989, Gorbachev declared: "I am a Communist, a convinced Communist. For some that may be a fantasy. But for me it is my main goal." The following year, even as he was being hailed as the "man who ended Communism," he reiterated this conviction, stating, "I am now, just as I've always been, a convinced Communist."
In his book Perestroika, he plainly admitted: "We are not going to change Soviet power, of course, or abandon its fundamental principles, but we acknowledge the need for changes that will strengthen socialism." In the same revered text he explained that "according to Lenin, socialism and democracy are indivisible," and the "essence of perestroika lies in the fact that it unites socialism with democracy and revives the Leninist concept ofsocialist construction both in theory and in practice." (Emphasis added.) Thus, when he declares for "democracy," he means "democracy" within the Leninist conception and definition of the term, something quite the opposite of that which most Americans assume he is talking about.
But this dialectical legerdemain does not concern George Shultz, who introduced the royal eminence with an embarrassing gush of superlatives ("brilliant," "bold," "daring," "imaginative," "astonishing energy and intellectual grasp," "an intellect of the highest order") and anecdotes of their long "friendship." Shultz, a member and former director of the Council on Foreign Relations, and Gorbachev go back a long way together. In 1985 the duo signed the Soviet-American Education Exchange Agreement negotiated by the one-world subversives at the Carnegie Corporation. Shultz spoke with fond remembrance to the forum guests of the "historic" 1986 Reykjavik Summit at which he and President Reagan, together with Gorbachev and Eduard Shevardnadze, laid the groundwork for the INF Treaty and other disarmament debacles.
For the opening "Plenary Session" of the forum, Gorbachev shared co-chair honors with Thabo Mbeki. Mbeki, the longtime Marxist theoretician and globe-trotting ambassador of the terrorist African National Congress, and a top member of the South African Communist Party (SACP), was an appropriate choice. The ANC chief said he was pleased to attend on behalf of the poor and suffering people of Africa, who might otherwise not be represented in a "new world order" where "the world's agenda is addressed only by the powerful."
Mbeki, a frequent guest at the Council on Foreign Relations and other lairs of American and European ruling elites, understands power. On July 5, 1993 Mbeki attended a dinner hosted by David Rockefeller for corporate CEOs to raise funds for the ANC's election drive. Mbeki praised Rockefeller as a longtime friend who "has backed the ANC financially for more than a decade." As Nelson Mandela's heir apparent, Mbeki has been given a "moderate" image by the ANC-friendly Insider media.
Steps to "World Order"
Zbigniew Brzezinski, Jimmy Carter's national security adviser, noted that there was "something profoundly symbolic and hopeful" about the fact that the opening session was co-chaired by Gorbachev and Mbeki. Which in itself says a mouthful about the "worldview" of Zbig and his like-minded fellow conferees. Burnishing his bogus anti-Communist credentials, Brzezinski denounced the terrible record of "carnage" wrought by "Hitlerism, Leninism, Stalinism, Maoism," and decried the monstrous deeds of the "coercive utopians."
"Yet five years after the end of the century's greatest ideological struggle and five years before the onset of the next millennium," wailed the architect and first director of the Trilateral Commission, "the end of the ideological centrality in global politics has not ushered in a new world order.... We do not have anew world order. Instead we are facing growing doubts regarding the meaning of our era and regarding the shape of our future."
"We cannot leap into world government in one quick step," Brzezinski told his audience, apparently ignoring Gorbachev's caution. Such a grand goal "requires a process of gradually expanding the range of democratic cooperation as well as the range of personal and national security, a widening, step by step, stone by stone, [of] existing relatively narrow zones of stability in the eventual globalization -- genuine globalization -- is progressive regionalization, because thereby we move toward larger, more stable, more cooperative units."
This "regionalization" is in keeping with the original Trilateral plan, as outlined in Brzezinski's book, Between Two Ages, which called for a gradual convergence of East and West, ultimately leading toward "the goal of world government." In that same time, David Rockefeller's Polish protegé proclaimed that "National sovereignty is no longer a viable concept" and praised Marxism "in the form of Communism" as a "major advance in man's ability to conceptualize his relationship to his world" and a "further vital and creative stage in the maturing of man's universal vision."
NATO and the European Union must be expanded to include Russia and the former Warsaw Pact countries, he said, and the scope of those arrangements must be "furthered, deepened, and institutionalized." Furthermore, Brzezinski asserted, similar structures must be crafted for the Middle East, the Far East, and Central Asia.
Joining Brzezinski at the rostrum was astronomer and cosmic sage Carl Sagan, who warned (predictably) that humanity faces "an absolutely new, unprecedented series of threats to the global environment that sustains us all." These "crises" include (of course) "depletion of the protective ozone layer and global warming through the increasing greenhouse effect...."
Yawn. Same tired, old, toxic eco-drivel. But wait! -- there is an exciting new "crisis": asteroids, which are certain to collide with earth in the not-too-distant future. This threat is "necessarily a problem for the whole species" and one in which we will have to join in collective action (presumably through the UN) to solve.
All of these crises show that we must begin to view the planet from the astronauts' perspective, says Sagan: "There are no national boundaries in that perspective. It is only one integrated, whole planet, all parts of which rise and fall together."
The "New Paradigm"
John Naisbitt, futurist, techno-savant, adviser to corporate titans and world leaders, and member of the board of advisers of the Gorbachev Foundation, was more upbeat. The author of the mega- blockbusters Megatrends, Megatrends 2000, Megatrends for Women, and Global Paradox prefaced his remarks by stating his commitment to "free markets and free trade." But like the rest of his colloquium colleagues, he emphasized the need for everyone to adopt a "new vocabulary," "new concepts," and a new "worldview" if we are going to understand the "new paradigm" the world has entered.
This "new paradigm," naturally, requires "new leadership" -- leaders who will lead by "moral authority." "My candidate for what a new leader would be like," said Naisbitt, "is Vaclav Havel." Mr. Havel, the celebrated socialist playwright and president of the Czech Republic, of course, also talks of "free markets" -- while installing unreconstructed and unrepentant Communists such as Alexander Dubcek in the top positions of power in his government.
Another of his favorite new leaders, said Naisbitt, is Nelson Mandela. Colin Powell is yet another, and Naisbitt criticized those who ask where Powell stands on the issues or what he would do concerning this matter or that: "The point is not what is Powell going to do; the point is who is he going to be. The new leadership is shifting away from being in charge to moral authority, responsibility, and inspiration." You see, in the "new paradigm," you need only be dazzled by the "moral authority" oozing from the persona created by the elite media image makers. We have apparently entered the age of ontological politics -- the politics of "being."
"The New Architecture of Global Security and Paths to Building a Civic Society (The Global Age)" was the title of a presentation by Kassa Kebede, a member of the board of directors of the Gorbachev Foundation and an active participant in the Foundation's Global Security Project. Kebede is a former ambassador to the United Nations and was Foreign Secretary during the 1980s for the murderous and genocidal Communist regime of Haile Mengistu in Ethiopia. "The globalization of the challenges confronting us will certainly affect the traditional concept of sovereignty," Kebede told the attendees. Indeed. Echoing the Kennedy Administration's treasonous 1961 Freedom From War proposal to transfer U.S. armaments to the UN, Kebede's disarmament plan calls for "storage of the warheads and of the delivery systems in separate places under international control."
The Ethiopian commissar also commended the proposition put forward in Our Global Neighborhood: The Report of the Commission on Global Governance* to create "a standing force of 10,000 soldiers under the authority of the Security Council." This in spite of the fact that the UN's present "peacekeeping" operations, as Kebede himself admits, are already vastly "overextended," with "more than 70,000 personnel, and costs of over $3.5 billion."
NOTE: See the April 3, 1995 issue of The New American, page 5
Kebede parroted the Global Security Programme and Zbigniew Brzezinski in calling for establishing regional "security" (i.e. war-making) organizations similar to NATO "in the Middle East, South Asia and North East Asia."
Joining the Mikhail/Zbigniew Doublespeak Chorus, Kebede chirped: "The commonality of goals, and shared values of global ethics, produce justification for world governance. This concept is in no way an alteration of national sovereignty, and does not lead to world government."
Although the state of the world's political, economic, and social ills came in for thorough treatment at the forum, it was in the area of global spiritual enlightenment that the gathering blossomed into full flower. Leading the cosmic charge were a host of the reigning Brahmins of New Age bliss, including Willis Harman, Barbara Marx Hubbard, Richard Baker, Matthew Fox, Shirley MacLaine, Deepak Chopra, Fritjof Capra, and Rupert Sheldrake.
Willis Harman, New Age philosopher, president of the Institute of Noetic Sciences, and author of Global Mind Change and The New Metaphysical Foundation of Modern Science, has had a profound effect on our society in the past couple of decades. In "Our Hopeful Future: Creating a Sustainable Society," one of his new essays distributed at the forum, Harman reported, "Around the world one detects murmurings that industrialized and 'developing' countries alike have a need for a new social order -- that, in fact, the situation calls for a worldwide systemic change." Really? Have you heard such "murmurings" in your neighborhood? Not likely - - unless your neighborhood is home to some of Harman's murmurous disciples.
Evolutionary Process
These murmurers, who comprise "an expanding fraction of the populace," perceive "a shifting underlying picture of reality." They see "the connectedness of everything to everything" and place "emphasis on intuition and the assumption of inner divinity." These adepts of the "new spirituality" share a "commitment to global change." Their "New Order," says Harman, is characterized by "an emphasis not on goals but on process ... the process is an evolutionary one, and the goals are emergent." The message is: Don't question where I am taking you, just start moving. And trust me; I'm doing what's good for you.
"Interconnectedness" is the overarching theme also preached by biologist Rupert Sheldrake, a Theosophist who posits that a "morphogenic field" -- an invisible matrix or organizing field that connects all life and thought on earth -- holds the keys to our existence and to the "Ageless Wisdom."
Fritjof Capra, physicist and systems theorist, New Age swami, and author of the international best-sellers Uncommon Wisdom, The Turning Point, and The Tao of Physics, provided a similar message. "The Elmwood Institute, which Capra founded in Berkeley, California, sees that none of the major problems of our time can be understood in isolation," write New Age political activists Corinne McLaughlin and Gordon Davidson in Spiritual Politics: Changing the World From the Inside Out. "A systems approach is needed, as all our problems are interconnected and interdependent, facets of one single crisis -- essentially a crisis of perception. This crisis is part of a cultural shift from a mechanistic worldview to a holistic and ecological view, from a value system based on domination to partnership, from quantity to quality, from expansion to conservation, from efficiency to sustainability."
A Capra essay, "The Turning of the Tide," was included in the Fall 1993 issue of ReVision: A Journal of Consciousness and Transformation, which was part of the free literature made available to the forum participants. In it Capra writes:
"The view of man as dominating nature and woman, and the belief in the superior role of the rational mind, have been supported and encouraged by the Judaeo-Christian tradition, which adheres to the image of a male god, personification of supreme reason and source of ultimate power, who rules the world from above by imposing his divine law on it. The laws of nature searched for by the scientists were seen as reflections of this divine law, originating in the mind of God."
This traditional Judaeo-Christian-influenced thinking, says Capra, "has led to attitudes that are profoundly antiecological. In truth, the understanding of ecosystems is hindered by the very nature of the rational mind. Rational thinking is linear, whereas ecological awareness arises from an intuition of nonlinear systems." Capra celebrates Eastern mysticism as a superior spiritual path, while applauding the "inevitable decline of patriarchy," the demise of "fixed ideas and rigid patterns of behavior," and the rise of the feminist and ecological movements.
Barbara Marx Hubbard, author of The Book of Co-Creation, claims in her curricula vitae to be "establishing Evolutionary Circles throughout the world to support small groups in their emergence as universal humans, founders of a global civilization." Hubbard was an organizer of the 1988 Soviet-American Citizens' Summit in Alexandria, Virginia, coordinated with the Soviet Peace Committee, a creature of the Soviet Central Committee's International Department established by Stalin to carry out penetration and subversion of foreign countries. Hubbard is also a former director of the Federal Union, founded by Fabian Socialist Rhodes Scholar Clarence Streit.
As a psychologist with Task Force Delta, an army think tank of futurists, strategists, and psychology and parapsychology researchers, Hubbard is credited with the idea of "bombarding" the Soviets with "psychic love," and formation of the First Earth Battalion (FEB). The credo of the FEB "guerilla gurus" states: "I take personal responsibility for generating evolutionary conspiracies as a part of my work. I will select and create conspiratorial mechanisms ... that will create and perform evolutionary breakthrough actions on behalf of people and planet. One people, one planet."
But according to these cognoscenti, there are too many people on this "one planet." Willis Harman's essay grapples with the "dilemma.": "In the economy-dominated world, as the outspoken anthropologist Margaret Mead once put it bluntly, 'The unadorned truth is that we do not need now, and will not need later, much of the marginal labor -- the very young, the very old, the very uneducated, and the very stupid.'" "This dilemma is perhaps the most basic one we face," said Harman. Society can't afford "from an environmental standpoint, or from the standpoint of tearing apart of the social fabric -- the economic growth that would be necessary to provide jobs for all in the conventional sense, and the inequities which have come to accompany that growth. This dilemma, more than any other aspect of our current situation, indicates how fundamental a system change is now required."
In the closing plenary session of the forum, philosopher/author Sam Keen summarized the consensus of the learned ones. Among the conference participants, said Keen, "there was very strong agreement that religious institutions have to take primary responsibility for the population explosion. We must speak far more clearly about sexuality, about contraception, about abortion, about the values that control the population, because the ecological crisis, in short, is the population crisis. Cut the [world's] population by 90 percent and there aren't enough people left to do a great deal of ecological damage."
How do we "cut" the planet's population by 90 percent? Even genocidal mass murderers Lenin, Stalin, Hitler, and Mao combined did not come close to attaining such a "lofty" goal. As always, the devil is in the details. Forum participant Barbara Marx Hubbard may already have provided some of the devilish answer. In The Book of Co-Creation she writes: "Out of the full spectrum of human personality, one-fourth is electing to transcend.... One-fourth is destructive [and] they are defective seeds. In the past they were permitted to die a 'natural death.'... Now as we approach the quantum shift from the creature-human to the co-creative human -- the human who is an inheritor of god-like powers -- the destructive one-fourth must be eliminated from the social body.... Fortunately, you are not responsible for this act. We are. We are in charge of God's selection process for planet Earth. He selects, we destroy.We are the riders of the pale horse, Death."
Lord help us all if this de facto "Brain Trust" of diabolical misfits, murderers, megalomaniacs, terrorists, and tyrants succeed in establishing their "new world order," their "new global civilization."
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ReplyDeleteMy name is Mrs Sharon Sim. I live in Singapore and i am a happy woman today? and i told my self that any lender that rescue my family from our poor situation, i will refer any person that is looking for loan to him, he gave me happiness to me and my family, i was in need of a loan of S$250,000.00 to start my life all over as i am a single mother with 3 kids I met this honest and GOD fearing man loan lender that help me with a loan of S$250,000.00 SG. Dollar, he is a GOD fearing man, if you are in need of loan and you will pay back the loan please contact him tell him that is Mrs Sharon, that refer you to him. contact Dr Purva Pius,via email:(urgentloan22@gmail.com) Thank you.
BORROWERS APPLICATION DETAILS
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2. Telephone Numbers:……….
3. Address and Location:…….
4. Amount in request………..
5. Repayment Period:………..
6. Purpose Of Loan………….
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9. occupation………………
10.age/sex…………………
11.Monthly Income…………..
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